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Question 1

disillusionment

Answer 1

the state of being disillusioned
SYNONYM disenchantment
There is widespread disillusionment with the present government.
Disillusionment among the young is worrying for schools.

Question 2

infallibility

Answer 2

the fact that somebody/something is never wrong or never fails
his belief in the infallibility of dreams as a guide to the future

Question 3

retreat

Answer 3

to move away from a place or an enemy because you are in danger or because you have been defeated
The army was forced to retreat after suffering heavy losses.
We retreated back down the mountain.
They retreated to a safe distance from the fighting.
OPPOSITE advance

Question 4

superstructure

Answer 4

a structure that is built on top of something, for example the upper parts of a ship or the part of a building above the ground

Question 5

notably

Answer 5

especially

Question 6

aspiration

Answer 6

a strong desire to have or do something

I didn’t realize you had political aspirations.

Question 7

take up

Answer 7

continue

Question 8

contradiction

Answer 8

a lack of agreement between facts, opinions, actions, etc.
contradiction (between A and B) There is a contradiction between the two sets of figures.
How can we resolve this apparent contradiction?
in contradiction to something His public speeches are in direct contradiction to his personal lifestyle.

Question 9

subservient

Answer 9

​subservient (to somebody/something) (disapproving) too willing to obey other people
The press was accused of being subservient to the government.
Women were expected to take subservient roles.

Question 10

spectacle

Answer 10

[countable, uncountable] a performance or an event that is very impressive and exciting to look at
The carnival parade was a magnificent spectacle.

​ [countable] a sight or view that is very impressive to look at
The sunset was a stunning spectacle.
The wide plain, with thousands of wildebeest on the move, was an awesome spectacle.

​ [singular] an unusual or surprising sight or situation that attracts a lot of attention
I remember the sad spectacle of her standing in her wedding dress, covered in mud.
the sad spectacle of him struggling to keep up with the younger players

Question 11

burden

Answer 11

a duty, responsibility, etc. that causes worry, difficulty or hard work
to bear/carry/ease/reduce/share the burden
the burden (of something) The main burden of caring for old people falls on the state.
burden on somebody the heavy tax burden on working people
a burden to somebody I don’t want to become a burden to my children when I’m old.

Question 12

propel(v)

Answer 12

propel something (+ adv./prep.) to move, drive or push something forward or in a particular direction
mechanically propelled vehicles
He succeeded in propelling the ball across the line.

​propel somebody + adv./prep. to force somebody to move in a particular direction or to get into a particular situation
He was grabbed from behind and propelled through the door.
This picture propelled her to international stardom.
to be propelled into the limelight/spotlight

Question 13

plausible

Answer 13

reasonable and likely to be true

Her story sounded perfectly plausible.

Question 14

infilict

Answer 14

to make somebody/something suffer something unpleasant.
inflict something on/upon somebody/something They inflicted a humiliating defeat on the home team.
Heavy casualties were inflicted on the enemy.
(humorous) Do you have to inflict that music on us?
inflict something They surveyed the damage inflicted by the storm.

Question 15

Stowaway (noun)

Answer 15

a person who hides in a ship or plane before it leaves, in order to travel without paying or being seen

Question 16

unleash

Answer 16

unleash something (on/upon somebody/something) to suddenly let a strong force, emotion, etc. be felt or have an effect
The government's proposals unleashed a storm of protest in the press.

Question 17

silver lining

Answer 17

umut ışığı

Question 18

keep at bay

Answer 18

hold/keep somebody/something at bay
​to prevent an enemy from coming close or a problem from having a bad effect
SYNONYM ward off
I’m trying to keep my creditors at bay.
Charlotte bit her lip to hold the tears at bay.

Question 19

scapegoat(V/N)

Answer 19

scapegoat somebody/something to blame somebody/something for a failure or for something bad that another person has done
The community chose to ignore its own failings and to scapegoat her instead.

Question 20

Massacre(n)

Answer 20

the killing of a large number of people especially in a cruel way
the bloody massacre of innocent civilians
Nobody survived the massacre.

Question 21

default(n)

Answer 21

[uncountable, countable, usually singular] what happens or appears if you do not make any other choice or change, especially in a computer program
The default is fifty lines.
The default option is to save your work every five minutes.
What is your default browser?
All my life, envy has been my default emotion.

​ [uncountable, countable] failure to do something that must be done by law, especially paying a debt
 in default (on something) The company is in default on the loan.
Mortgage defaults have risen in the last year.

Idioms
by default
​a game or competition can be won by default if there are no other people, teams, etc. taking part
He became world champion in 2007 by default.
​if something happens by default, it happens because you have not made any other decision or choices that would make things happen in a different way
I became a teacher by default rather than by design.

in default of something
​(formal) because of a lack of something
They accepted what he had said in default of any evidence to disprove it.

Question 22

soar(v)

Answer 22

if the value, amount, or level of something soars, it rises very quickly
SYNONYM rocket
soaring costs/prices/temperatures
Air pollution will soon soar above safety levels.
Unemployment has soared to 18 percent.

Question 23

compel(v)

Answer 23

to force somebody to do something; to make something necessary
#compel somebody to do something The law can compel fathers to make regular payments for their children.
I feel compelled to write and tell you how much I enjoyed your book.
The court has powers to compel witnesses to attend.
compel something Last year ill-health compelled his retirement.

Question 24

trivial(adj)

Answer 24

not important or serious; not worth considering
a trivial detail
I know it sounds trivial, but I’m worried about it.
I’ll try to fix it—but it’s not trivial (= it may be difficult to fix).

Question 25

revolt(n)

Answer 25

a protest against authority, especially that of a government, often involving violence; the action of protesting against authority
SYNONYM uprising
The Peasants Revolt of 1381 was the first popular uprising in England.
to lead a revolt
The army quickly crushed the revolt.
The revolt was suppressed with total ruthlessness.
the biggest back-bench revolt this government has ever seen
Attempts to negotiate peace ended in armed revolt.
in revolt (formal) The people rose in revolt.

Question 26

fizzle out(phrasal verb)

Answer 26

to gradually become less successful and end in a disappointing way
The threatened revolt just fizzled out.
Her parents are hoping that the relationship will fizzle out.

Question 27

as if=as though

Answer 27

in a way that suggests something
He behaved as if nothing had happened.
It sounds as though you had a good time.
It's my birthday. As if you didn't know!
‘Don't say anything.’ ‘As if I would!’ (= surely you do not expect me to)

Question 28

hamper=hinder(v)

Answer 28

​hamper somebody/something to prevent somebody from easily doing or achieving something
SYNONYM hinder
High winds hampered the rescue attempt.
Our efforts were severely hampered by a lack of money

Question 29

debasement(n)

Answer 29

the fact of making something/somebody less valuable or respected
#He considered advertising a debasement of his art.