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design technology > Woods > Flashcards

Woods Flashcards

1
Q

wood stock forms

A
  • rough sawn
  • Planed square edge
  • planed all round
  • natural wood
  • manufactured boards
  • mouldings
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2
Q

planed all round meaning

A

all edges are planed square, straight and level, it is ready to use

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3
Q

planed square edge meaning

A
  • only one edge that is planed the rest is rough sawn
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4
Q

rough sawn meaning

A

direct from seasoning and has rough edges

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5
Q

why is wood seasoned

A
  • to help prevent defects such as twisting, warping and cracks
  • increased strength and stability
  • greater immunity from decay/rot
  • helps preservatives penetrate
  • makes wood less corrosive to metals
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6
Q

what is the process for air seasoning

A
  1. wood is stacked in a shelter outside
  2. air is circulated between the planks to remove excess moisture
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7
Q

is air seasoning expensive?

A

no

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8
Q

where is air seasoned wood used?

how long does it take for air seasoning to happen?

A

in outdoor products

up to a year

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9
Q

what is the process for kiln seasoning

A
  1. wood is stacked on trolleys
  2. kiln is initially filled with steam then it becomes hotter and drier
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10
Q

how long does it take for kiln seasoning to happen?

A

a few weeks

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11
Q

where is kiln seasoned wood used?

A

indoors

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12
Q

what is a hardwood

A

a wood from a broad leaved (deciduous) tree

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13
Q

what is a softwood

A

a wood from a cone bearing tree (coniferous)

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14
Q

which direction is wood the strongest in

A

the direction of the grain

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15
Q

what type of wood is oak

A

hardwood

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16
Q

how many hardwoods are there

A

6
oak
teak
mahogany
birch
beech
ash

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17
Q

oak characteristics

A
  • hard
  • tough
  • attractive grain
  • weather resistance
  • corrodes ferrous metal
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18
Q

oak uses

A
  • furniture
  • flooring
  • boat building
  • interior and exterior joinery
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19
Q

what type of wood is Ash

A

hardwood

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20
Q

ash characteristics

A
  • tough
  • attractive
  • flexible
  • open grain that makes it more flexible
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21
Q

ash uses

A
  • tool handles
  • ladders
  • sport goods
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22
Q

what type of wood is mahogany

A

hardwood

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23
Q

mahogany characteristics

A
  • good ability to be oiled
  • attractive red colour
  • interlocking grain that makes fit harder to work
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24
Q

mahogany uses

A

indoor furniture
cabinets
shop fittings
boats
veneers

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25
Q

what type of wood is teak

A

hardwood

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26
Q

teak characteristics

A
  • hard
    -tough
  • straight grain
  • natural oils resist moisture, acids and alkalis
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27
Q

teak uses

A

outdoor furniture
boat decks
lab benches

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28
Q

what type of wood is birch

A

hardwood

29
Q

birch characteristics

A

hard
tough
straight close grained
resists warping

30
Q

birch uses

A

veneers for plywood
furniture
indoor panelling

31
Q

what type of wood is beech

A

hardwood

32
Q

beech characteristics

A

hard
tough
close grained
available in steamed and unsteamed colours
doesn’t impart taste to food

33
Q

beech uses

A

chopping board
toys
tools
steam bent laminated furniture

34
Q

what type of wood is pine

A

softwood

35
Q

pinewood characteristics

A

straight grain
lightweight
attractive grain
can split

36
Q

pinewood uses

A

construction work
roof beams
interior joinery

37
Q

what type of wood is spruce

A

softwood

38
Q

spruce characteristics

A

straight grain
high stiffness to weight ratio
resists splitting

39
Q

what does a material with high stiffness to weight ratio mean

A

material is strong and resistant to bending or stretching, but it’s also lightweight

40
Q

spruce uses

A

guitar bodies
indoor furniture
construction

41
Q

how many softwoods are there

A

5
larch
spruce
pinewood
Douglas fir
cedar

42
Q

what type of wood is Douglas fir

A
  • softwood
43
Q

Douglas fir characteristics

A

straight/ slightly wavy grain
few knots
good resistance to corrosion

44
Q

Douglas fir uses

A

construction
joinery
veneers

45
Q

what type of wood is larch

A

softwood

46
Q

larch characteristics

A

hard
tough
attractive grain
water resistant

47
Q

larch uses

A

garden furniture
cladding
decking
fencing

48
Q

what type of wood is cedar

A

softwood

49
Q

cedar characteristics

A

straight grain
can corrode ferrous metals
low density
rot and insect resistant

50
Q

cedar uses

A

sheds
greenhouses
beehives
interior panelling

51
Q

what type of wood is plywood

A

manufactured board

52
Q

plywood characteristics

A
  • wood layers are placed onto each other at 90 degree angles
  • strong due to the way the layers are glued onto each other
  • no grain weakness
53
Q

plywood uses

A

indoor furniture
desktops
floorboards

54
Q

what type of wood is marine plywood

A

manufactured board

55
Q

marine plywood characteristics

A
  • similar to plywood but uses specialist glue to provide resistance to moisture
  • some are resistant to fungal attack
56
Q

marine plywood uses

A

boat panelling, lockers, dashboards

57
Q

what type of wood is aeroply

A

manufactured boards

58
Q

aeroply characteristics

A

plywood made from high quality timber like birch
lightweight
flexible

59
Q

aeroply uses

A

laser cut projects
laminated furniture
jewellery items
plane bodies

60
Q

what type of wood is flexible plywood

A

manufactured board

61
Q

flexible plywood characteristics

A

odd number of layers of wood glued together then two outer layers are made from open grained timber to make it flexible

62
Q

flexible plywood uses

A

laminated furniture
curved panels

63
Q

what type of wood is chipboard

A

manufactured board

64
Q

chipboard characteristics

A

woodchips that are compressed w a resin like UF
- good compression strength
- absorbs moisture

65
Q

chipboard uses

A

veneered then used as
- kitchen worktops
- shelving
- flat pack furniture

66
Q

what type of wood is MDF

A

manufactured board

67
Q

MDF characteristics

A

compressed wood fibres
smooth
face finishes well
lightweight
very absorbent

68
Q

MDF uses

A

flat pack furniture
kitchen units
toys

design technology (15 decks)

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