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design technology > Metals > Flashcards

Metals Flashcards

1
Q

process of getting metal from the earth

A

metal is mined, washed then heated and the pure metal ore is run off; known as smelting

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2
Q

where do metals come from

A

a metal ore

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3
Q

what is a ferrous metal

A
  • metals that contain iron
  • metals that are magnetic
  • metals that will rust without a protective coating if exposed to moisture
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4
Q

why add small amounts of other compounds or metals to ferrous metals

A
  • to enhance its properties
    eg carbon = hardness
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5
Q

what type of metal is low carbon steel

A

ferrous

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6
Q

what stock forms can low carbon steel come in

A

-round, hexagonal, flat, square bars
-sheets

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7
Q

what is low carbon steel made of

A

small amounts of carbon and oxygen (oxygen turns it into steel)

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8
Q

what does adding carbon to iron do

A

creates a hard but brittle metal

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9
Q

what does adding oxygen to iron do

A

creates steel, a very strong metal

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10
Q

what are the performance characteristics of low carbon steel

A
  • tough
  • high bending / torsion resistance
  • ductile
  • malleable
  • lightweight
  • poor resistance to oxidising if not protected
  • good ability to be alloyed
  • good ability to take applied coatings and finishes eg chrome
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11
Q

what processes does low carbon steel work well with

A
  • forming processes
  • welding processes
  • brazing
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12
Q

what are common uses for low carbon steel

A
  • nuts and bolts
  • car body parts
  • construction girders
  • washing machine body
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13
Q

low carbon steel melting point

A

1450 degrees

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14
Q

what type of metals is stainless steel

A

ferrous and alloy

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15
Q

what is stainless steel made of,
what do these components do to stainless steel

A

chromium, nickel and iron
make it less sensitive to oxidising

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16
Q

what stock form does stainless steel come in

A
  • sheets
  • round, hexagonal, square, flat bars
  • tubes
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17
Q

what are the performance characteristics of stainless steel

A
  • resistant to corrosion and rust with moisture
  • hardness
  • can be recycled
  • easily cleaned
  • tough
  • malleable
  • tensile
  • chemical resistance
  • thermal insulator
  • good ability to be alloyed and finished
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18
Q

the addition of chromium to stainless steel does what

A

add a protective layer against rust and corrosion

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19
Q

Does stainless steel have a high melting point?
What melting point does stainless steel have?

A
  • high
    1530 degrees
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20
Q

what are common uses for stainless steel

A
  • kitchen sinks
  • cutlery
  • pots and pans
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21
Q

what is high speed steel made of

A

tungsten + steel (iron and oxygen)

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22
Q

high speed steel is what type of metal

A

ferrous and alloy

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23
Q

what are the stock forms from high speed steel

A
  • round, hexagonal, square , flat bars
  • sheets
  • tubes
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24
Q

what are the performance characteristics of high speed steel

A
  • withstand high temperatures without losing its hardness
  • resistant to corrosion
  • good ability to be alloyed
  • good ability to be coated and finished
  • very brittle
  • tough
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25
Q

what processes are good for high speed steel

A
  • high machining processes because of its high temperatures
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26
Q

does high speed steel have a high melting point? what is the melting point of high speed steel?

A

yes
4680°C

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27
Q

what processes does stainless steel use

A

cutting and welding BUT needs specialist equipment as it is hard

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28
Q

what type of metal is medium carbon steel?

A

Ferrous

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29
Q

what type of metal is cast iron

A

ferrous

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30
Q

cast iron is made of

A

iron and carbon

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31
Q

cast iron characteristics

A
  • compression resistant
  • hard
  • very brittle
  • good fusibility
  • rusting resistant
  • easily cast into ornate shapes
  • good ability to be alloyed and coated
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32
Q

cast iron uses

A
  • manhole covers
  • fireplaces
  • radiator
  • pot and pans
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33
Q

ideal cast iron process and why

A

casting due to its good fusibility

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34
Q

what is a non - ferrous metal

A
  • metal that doesn’t have iron or contain iron,
  • not magnetic
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35
Q

what type of metal is aluminium

A

non ferrous

36
Q

aluminium characteristics include

A
  • lightweight
  • ductile
  • malleable
  • good corrosion resistance
  • good conductor of electricity
  • is recyclable
  • can be heat welded
37
Q

aluminium uses

A
  • car body parts
  • plane body parts
  • fizzy drink cans
38
Q

copper metal type is

A

non ferrous

39
Q

copper characteristics

A
  • malleable
  • ductile
  • good electrical conductor
  • can be recycled
  • will tarnish and change colour
  • can be soldered and brazed
40
Q

copper uses

A
  • electrical wire casing
41
Q

zinc metal type

A

non-ferrous

42
Q

zinc characteristics

A
  • low melting point
  • good corrosion resistance
43
Q

zinc melting point

A

420 degrees

44
Q

aluminium melting point

A

660 degrees

45
Q

copper melting point

A

1083 degrees

46
Q

cast iron melting point

A

1427 degrees

47
Q

zinc uses

A

galvanising steel as a protective coating for dustbins, die castings, buckets

48
Q

silver metal type

A

non ferrous

49
Q

silver characteristics

A
  • malleable
  • ductile
  • corrosion resistant
  • can be soldered
50
Q

silver melting point

A

962 degrees

51
Q

silver uses

A

jewellery
cutlery
plating other materials

52
Q

gold metal type

A

non ferrous

53
Q

gold characterstics

A
  • malleable
  • ductile
  • can be soldered
  • corrosion resistant
54
Q

gold melting point

A

1063 degrees

55
Q

gold uses

A
  • jewellery
  • electric components
  • cutlery
56
Q

titanium charactersictis

A
  • hard
  • like steel but lightweight
  • only thing that the body doesn’t reject
  • high resistance to corrosion
  • highest strength to weight ratio
57
Q

titanium uses

A
  • hip/joint replacements
  • aircraft bodies
  • tooth implants
  • jewellery
  • bike frames
58
Q

Titanium melting point

A

1668 degrees

59
Q

tin metal type

A

non ferrous

60
Q

tin characteristics

A

ductile
malleable
low melting point
corrosion resistant
good ability to be alloyed

61
Q

tin melting point

A

232 degrees

62
Q

tin uses

A

coating for food cans
soft solder
rarely used in it pure form

63
Q

what is an alloy

A

metal made of two or more metals or elements

64
Q

die steel (tool steel) metal type

A

ferrous alloy

65
Q

die steel characteristics

A
  • hard
  • tough
  • wear resistant
66
Q

die steel uses

A
  • blanking punches and dies
  • fine press tools
67
Q

what type of metal is bronze

A

non ferrous alloy

68
Q

bronze is made of

A

tin and copper

69
Q

bronze characteristics

A

tough
corrosion resistant
good ability to be cast
brittle
hard

70
Q

bronze uses

A
  • coins
  • statues
71
Q

bronze melting point

A

850 - 1000

72
Q

brass metal type

A

non ferrous alloy

73
Q

brass is made of

A

copper and zinc

74
Q

brass characteristics

A

corrosion resistant
good electric and thermal conductor
good ability to be casted
sonorous
hard
brittle

75
Q

brass uses

A

boat fittings
door handles
taps
musical instruments

76
Q

brass melting point

A

930

77
Q

duralumin metal type

A

non ferrous alloy

78
Q

duralumin characteristics

A
  • hard (becomes harder as it is worked)
  • tough
  • lightweight
  • ductile
79
Q

duralumin is made of

A

aluminium copper magnesium

80
Q

pewter metal type

A

non ferrous alloy

81
Q

duralumin uses

A

aircraft bodies
vehicle parts

82
Q

pewter characteristics

A

malleable
low melting point
naturally dulls over time
good ability to be casted, alloyed

83
Q

pewter is made of

A

tin and lead

84
Q

pewter melting point is

A

170

85
Q

pewter uses

A

flasks
photo frames
sport trophies
jewellery
toy statues

86
Q

stock forms of metal

A

bar
tube
plate
sheet

design technology (15 decks)

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