WOMENS HEALTH

Question 1

what is dysmenorrhoea and what causes it give examples

Answer 1

dysmenorrhea is period pain caused by cramping which causes a low blood supply and therefore pain

primary is absence of pelvic and uterine disease

during menstruation there is an increase in prostaglandins which cause thickening of the endometrium and cause contractions–> loss of blood supplu–> PAIN

Question 2

dysmenorrhoea treatment?

Answer 2

NSAIDS: -ibuprofen 1200mg 200-400mg qds
-DICLOFENAC, NAPROXEN (take after food)

paracetamol

aspirin: it inhibits prostaglandin

caffeine

hyoscine

hot water bottle

Question 3

vaginal thrush pathophysiology, causes, symptoms

Answer 3

the vagina contains lots of glycogen which get broken down by enzymes and bacteria eg lactobacilli to form acids = low vag pH

vaginal thrush is common in people of childbearing age but can also be in younger or older with use or antibiotics and reduce in oestrogen production on post menopausal women

Vaginal thrush symptoms:

cream coloured which curdy discharge

odourless

intense itching and pain when urinating and sex

Question 4

bacterial vaginosis symptoms

Answer 4

• whiteish grey discharge
• fishy odour
• no itching
• byt pain during sex

Question 5

trichominias symptoms

Answer 5

-green yellow discharge
-pain during sex and urination
-fever
ab pain

Question 6

vaginal thrush treatment

Answer 6

The azoles:

• clotrimazole..
• pessaries and creams
• quick relief but may cause burning therefore cream on vulva needed

Oral fluconazole:

• 150mg single dose
• works in 12-24 hours
• expensive

Live yoghurt

Only treat partner if they have symptoms

Question 7

cystitis pathophysiology and symptoms

Answer 7

Cystitis is an inflammation of the bladder which is very common in women as they have a shorter urethra and the opening Is close to the anus

Fecal bacteria lies in the anus and can travel up to the urethra causing the infection

Symptoms:

• starts suddenly
• pain when urinating, frequent urination, nocturia

Question 8

cystitis treatment

Answer 8

paracetamol and ibuprofen

alkalising agents: potassium citrate( can’t be given to diuretic aldosterone ace)
and sodium citrate (can’t be given to pregnant women and HF )