Cataract

Question 1

what is cataracts and what causes it

Answer 1

cataract is clouding of the eye which scatters light and causes visual impairment and blindness

cataracts develop because of electrolyte disturbances resulting in alteration of NaK pump functionality

crystalline are he main protein found in the lens

cataracts are prevalent in the elderly community. This is because with age there’s increased thickness of lens, glycation of crytalin, oxidation

Question 2

glutathione role in cataracts

Answer 2

GSH which is glutathione

when there are low levels of ash the ROS , reactive oxygenn species increases

this affect the cell membrane in particular the NaK pump

this causes high calcium levels which leads to oedema and protein aggregation which causes cataracts

Question 3

cataract treatment

Answer 3

surgery treats cataracts

they remove the lens and replace it with intraocular lens

drawbacks are: cost, invasive, Prost surgical issues

Question 4

cataract post operative complications and how to overcome

Answer 4

endophtalmitis: so you ned to you pre operative antiseptic and use intracameral cefuroxime during cataract surgery

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Question 5

what’s dry eye disease and 2 types

Answer 5

deterioration of the tear film

1, aqueous deficient dry eye disease: lacrimal gland not producing enough fluid

2, evaporative dry eye: meibomian gland not producing enough oily substance to maintain the lipid layer

Question 6

dry eye treatment

Answer 6

artificial eye drips: hypormellose eye drops every hour

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