Women's Health Flashcards
What is the USPSTF’s recommendation for breast cancer screening?
When should clinical breast exams be done?
Baseline mammogram every 2 years from age 50-74
Every 3 years in women aged 20-39, then annually after age 40
What is the treatment of fibrocystic breast changes?
NSAIDs or OCPs
What cell type is the most common type of cervical cancer?
Squamous-Cell Carcinoma (90% of cases)
What are the USPSTF’s recommendation for cervical cancer screening?
- Screening for cervical cancer every 3 years with cervical cytology alone in women aged 21 to 29 years
- For women aged 30 to 65 years, the USPSTF recommends screening every 3 years with cervical cytology alone, every 5 years with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing alone, or every 5 years with hrHPV testing in combination with cytology (cotesting)
- Do not screen women younger than 21 years
- Do not screen women who have had a hysterectomy with removal of the cervix and do not have a history of a high-grade precancerous lesion (ie, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN] grade 2 or 3) or cervical cancer
- Do not screen women > 65 years who have had adequate prior screening and are not otherwise at high risk for cervical cancer
How do oral contraceptive pills work to prevent pregnancy?
Prevents ovulation by inhibiting mid-cycle LH surge, thickens cervical mucus, and thins the endometrium
Do transdermal contraceptive patches protect against STI’s?
No, patient must be informed and use barrier protection during sexual intercourse
What hormones are in nexplanon?
Progesterone only
What is the abbreviation for obstetrical history?
G_P T P A L
T: Total number of full-term pregnancies (37-42 weeks)
P: Total number of preterm pregnancies (20-36 weeks)
A: Total number of abortions (elective or spontaneous occurring before 20 weeks
L: Total number of living children
** Twins count as ONE pregnancy, TWO live children
What are some important lab changes associated with pregnancy?
- Cholesterol will INCREASE and this is normal if elevated just repeat at the 6-week postpartum visit.
- BUN and Creatinine will be DECREASED
What is the recommended weight gain during pregnancy?
20-35 lbs.: average weight women
40-45 lbs.: underweight women
10-15 lbs.: overweight women
What labs can be helpful in diagnosing menapaouse?
FSH and Estrogen
FSH will be increased (>30) and estrogen will be decreased
What are the contraindications to HRT?
↑ triglycerides
Undiagnosed vaginal bleeding
Endometrial cancer
History of breast CA or estrogen-sensitive cancers
CVD History
DVT or PE history
What is the outpatient treatment for PID?
ceftriaxone IM 250 mg once + PO doxycycline 100 mg BID × 14 d ± PO metronidazole (Flagyl) 500 mg BID × 14 d
What is a rectocele?
Herniation of the rectum into the posterior wall of the vagina
A 30-year-old man presents to his primary care provider with a complaint of new-onset genital rash following recent unprotected intercourse with a new partner. He states that he has had fever, body pain, and painful urination for the past two days. He has no previous sexually transmitted infections. On physical exam, multiple vesicles on an erythematous base are present in the genital area. What test would be most specific and sensitive for diagnosing the suspected condition?
This patient most likely has HSV and a PCR would be the best test
