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Year 4 > Women's health > Flashcards

Women's health Flashcards

1
Q

What is the classical triad for premature ovarian failure?

A
  • Amenorrhoea
  • Hypergonadotropism (raised LH and FSH)
  • Hypoestrogenism (low oestradial)
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2
Q

What happens to protein/creatinine ratio in preeclampsia?

A

It’s raised

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3
Q

What is the chance of vaginal delivery following previous Caesarian section?

A

72-75%

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4
Q

What are 2 side effects of tamoxifen?

A

Endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma

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5
Q

What uterine position is associated with endometriosis?

A

Retroverted uterus

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6
Q

Which investigation could be used to identify if a woman with infertility is ovulating?

A

Mid luteal phase serum progesterone

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7
Q

Folate is recommended in pregnancy and used to fortify foods to stop what congenital abnormality?

A

Neural tube defects

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8
Q

What is CTG?

A
  • Used during pregnancy to monitor foetal heart rate and uterine contractions
  • Most commonly used in third trimester to monitor foetal wellbeing and detect early signs of foetal distress
  • (remember formative RTA question: A 36 week woman is involved in an RTA and has trauma to her abdomen. She has perceived less foetal movement since the accident. Her abdomen is tender and you can hear the foetal heart clearly. She has had no vaginal bleeding. What would be the most appropriate first line management? CTG to assess foetal wellbeing)
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9
Q

What examination should you not perform in a bleeding placenta praevia?

A

Speculum

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10
Q

What is pre-eclampsia a risk factor for?

A
  • Placental abruption
  • Eclampsia
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11
Q

What are some signs of placental abruption?

A
  • Sudden onset abdo pain
  • Continuous contractions that don’t seem to stop
  • Pain in abdo and back
  • PV bleeding
  • Enlarged uterus (disproportionate to the gestational age of the foetus)
  • Decreased foetal movement and heart rate
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12
Q

What is the safest form of contraception in women with history/family history of breast cancer/BRCA mutation?

A

Copper coil

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13
Q

What are the wait times for effectiveness of contraception?

A
  • Instant: IUD
  • 2 days: POP
  • 7 days: COC, injection, implant, IUS
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14
Q

First line treatment for gestational diabetes?

A
  • Insulin
  • +/- metformin
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15
Q

What test is used to confirm menopause?

A

FSH level (increased)

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16
Q

When is cervical screening delayed until in pregnancy?

A

3 months post partum

17
Q

What Bishop score suggests favourable cervix for delivery?

A

> =8

18
Q

What is first line treatment for menorrhagia?

A
  • IUS (Mirena coil) if don’t want children
  • Mefenamic acid (particularly if there is dysmenorrhoea as well) or tranexamic acid if do want children
19
Q

What is a protective factor against hyperemesis gravidarum?

A

Smoking

20
Q

What are some risk factors for hypremesis gravidarum?

A
  • Obesity
  • Trophoblastic disease
  • Nulliparity
  • Carrying twins
21
Q

What is the most important investigation for 1st trimester bleeding?

A

Transvaginal USS

22
Q

Management/prophylaxis of new born sepsis?

A
  • Maternal IV antibiotics during labour if at risk
  • Only give newborn IV antibiotics if they show signs of sepsis
23
Q

What is the management of ovarian cancer?

A

Stage 1) LETZZ or cone biopsy
Stage 2-4) Surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy

24
Q

What is the investigation for SFGA?

A

USS

25
Q

What medications can be used to shrink fibroids (e.g. before surgery)?

A
  • GnRH agonist
  • E.g. leuprolide
26
Q

What is the antibiotic of choice for group B strep (e.g. in prophylaxis of neonatal sepsis)?

A

Benzylpenicillin

27
Q

What is the investigation of choice for placenta praaevia, and what investigation shouldn’t you do?

A
  • Transvaginal ultrasound is choice
  • DO NOT do digital vaginal exam
28
Q

What is the COCP link to cancers?

A
  • Increased risk of breast and cervical cancer
  • Protective against ovarian and endometrial cancer
29
Q

How long should women wait to start hormonal contraception after taking the emergency pill?

A

5 days

30
Q

What is the most common types of ovarian cancer?

A

Serous carcinoma

31
Q

What is the most common type of ovarian cyst?

A

Follicular cyst

32
Q

How long do women have to weight before starting the COCP after pregnancy?

A

21 days due to risk of VTE

33
Q

Which antibiotics are safe to use in breastfeeding?

A

Cephalosporins

34
Q

What are normal find gins on cardiac exam in pregnancy?

A
  • Third heart sound
  • Ejection systolic murmur
  • Forceful apex beat
  • Peripheral oedema
35
Q

What is the most likely side effect of induction of labour?

A

Uterine hyperstimulation

Year 4 (16 decks)

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