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Year 4 > Rheumatology > Flashcards

Rheumatology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the triad of fat embolus?

A
  • Respiratory symptoms
  • Neurological symptoms
  • Petechial rash (usually after the first 2 symptoms)
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2
Q

What is Felty’s syndrome?

A
  • A triad of rheumatoid arthritis, splenomegaly and neutropenia (low white cell count)
  • Patients present with recurrent and severe infections
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3
Q

What ca n differentiate between psoriatic arthritis and reactive arthritis?

A
  • Psoriatic arthritis tends to have positive family history of arthritis, and is generally a polyarthritis
  • Reactive arthritis tends to follow bacterial infection (e.g. gastroenteritis or STI) and is a mono- or oligoarthritis
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4
Q

What is the triad of Behçet’s disease?

A
  • Mouth ulcers
  • Genital ulcers
  • Anterior uveitis
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5
Q

What antibodies are associated with SLE?

A
  • Anti-Smith’s (most specific)
  • ANA (most sensitive)
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6
Q

What antibiotic can induce SLE?

A

Isoniazid

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7
Q

What are the 6A’s of ankylosing spondylitis?

A
  • Apical fibrosis
  • Anterior uveitis
  • Aortic regurgitation
  • Achilles tendonitis
  • AV node block
  • Amyloidosis
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8
Q

What crystals are found in pseudogout?

A

Weakly-positively birefringent rhomboid-shaped calcium pyrophosphate crystals

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9
Q

What crystals are seen in gout?

A

Negatively birefringent needle shaped monosodium urate crystals

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10
Q

What specialty review is required before starting a patient on hydroxychloroquiene?

A

Ophthalmology

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11
Q

Oteogenesis imperfecta usually present with what blood results?

A

Normal (Adjusted calcium, PTH, ALP and PO4)

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12
Q

What are the X-ray findings on ankylosing spondylitis?

A
  • Bamboo spine
  • Subchondral erosions, sclerosis
    and squaring of lumbar vertebrae
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13
Q

What X-ray finding is most supportive of ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Sacroilitis

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14
Q

What is the triad of reactive arthritis?

A

Urethritis + arthritis + conjunctivitis = reactive arthritis

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15
Q

What is the triad for reactive arthritis?

A
  • Arthtitis
  • Urethritis
  • Conjunctivitis
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16
Q

What doe rheumatoid arthritis joint aspiration show?

A
  • Yellow fluid with absence of crystals
  • High WCC count (mainly polymorphonuclear neutrophils)
17
Q

What antibodies are a marker of poor prognosis in rheumatoid arthritis?

A
  • Anti-CCP antibodies
  • Anti-CCP antibodies are with positive rheumatoid factor and the two together are strong predictors of early transformation from transient to persistent synovitis
18
Q

What are some markers of poor prognosis in RA?

A
  • Anti-CCP
  • Insidious onset
  • Female sex
19
Q

What 2 signs are indicative of antiphospholipid syndrome?

A

(paradoxically) prolonged APTT + low platelets

20
Q

What are signs of systemic sclerosis and what antibodies are associated with it?

A
  • A history of tightening of the skin, as well as Raynaud’s phenomenon and telangiectasia, is suggestive of systemic sclerosis
  • Anti-centromere antibodies
21
Q

What is CREST syndrome?

A

A subtype of systemic sclerosis

22
Q

What are the features of CREST syndrome?

A
  • Calcinosis
  • Raynaud’s phenomenon
  • oEsophageal dysmotility
  • Sclerodactyly
  • Telangiectasia
23
Q

What needs to be checked for before staring azathioprine?

A

Thiopurine methyltransferase deficiency (TPMT)

24
Q

What are signs of poly myalgia rheumatic?

A

Pain and muscle stiffness in proximal joint that is worse in morning and improve with activity

25
Q

What is the finding in Schober’s test for ankylosing spondylitis?

A
  • Schober’s test <5cm is suggestive of ankylosing spondylitis
  • Suggests reduced lumbar flexion
26
Q

What is first line treatment for ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Exercise regime and NSAIDs

27
Q

What are the signs of Paget’s disease of bone?

A
  • Bone pain, headaches and hearing loss with a raised ALP

Year 4 (16 decks)

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