WNG Topic 2+3

Question 1

Timeline of Hitler and the DAP

Answer 1

1919 - Hitler joins DAP
1920 - Hitler becomes second in command of the DAP
August 1920 - DAP changes its name into the Nazi Party
1921 - Hitler took control of the Nazi Party

Question 2

What were the SA?

Answer 2

A paramilitary force made up of ex soldiers who were commanded by Ernst Röhm

Question 3

What was the Munich Putsch?

Answer 3

When Hitler attempted to overthrow the Weimar government in November 1923

Question 4

Long term reasons for the Munich Putsch

Answer 4

‘Stab in the back’ theory
Reparations
Loss of Germany’s colonies
Resentment of Weimar government

Question 5

Medium term reasons for the Munich Putsch

Answer 5

Hitler was influenced by Mussolini’s right wing party who marched into Rome forcing the democratic government to accept him as leader

Question 6

Short term reasons for the Munich Putsch

Answer 6

Hyperinflation
French troops entered the Ruhr in 1923 and took over German businesses
Hitler thought he had support

Question 7

Who was Paul von Hindenburg?

Answer 7

Hero of WW1 and president of the Weimar Republic

Question 8

Who was Heinrich Brüning?

Answer 8

The Chancellor

Question 9

Who was General Franz von Papen?

Answer 9

Politician and friend of Hindenburg

Question 10

Who was Kurt von Schleicher?

Answer 10

The army general

Question 11

How many votes did the Nazi Party get in 1928?

Answer 11

2%

Question 12

Timeline of Hitler’s road to power April and May 1932

Answer 12

April - Hindenburg goes for re-election as President
Brüning bans the SA
May - Hindenburg is re-elected
Brüning resigns and is replaced by Von Papen
Hitler agrees to a coalition with Von Schleicher if the ban on SA is removed

Question 13

Timeline of Hitler’s road to power July and November 1932

Answer 13

July - Fighting between communists and Nazis
Nazi share of vote increases from 18% in 1930 to 38%
Hitler demands he’s made Chancellor, Hindenburg refuses
November - Further elections
Von Schleicher warns Hindenburg that if Von Papen remains Chancellor there would be civil war, Von Papen goes

Question 14

Timeline of Hitler’s road to power December 1932 and January 1933

Answer 14

December - Von Schleicher becomes Chancellor
January - Von Schleicher has no support from public or Nazis and tries to become the head of a military dictatorship
Von Papen persuades Hindenburg to make Hitler Chancellor and him Vice Chancellor so he can keep an eye on Hitler
Hitler becomes Chancellor

Question 15

What was the Reichstag Fire?

Answer 15

On the 27th February 1933 a lone Dutch communist Marinus van der Lubbe was caught setting the Reichstag on fire and Hitler used it as an excuse to a Decree of Protection of the People allowing him to ban political opponents giving the Nazi Party 60% of the seats.

Question 16

What was the Enabling Act?

Answer 16

In 1933 the act stated that Reich Cabinet could pass new laws
The laws could overrule the constitution
Hitler would propose the laws

Question 17

Effect of the Enabling Act?

Answer 17

Allowed Hitler to get rid of:
Local Government
Trade Unions
Other political parties

Question 18

Why Röhm and the SA were a threat to Hitler?

Answer 18

Röhm disliked Hitler’s policies
SA was larger than the army
SA were more loyal to Ernst Röhm compared to Hitler

Question 19

What was the SS?

Answer 19

Set up by Hitler in 1925 to act as his bodyguards and were run by Himmler

Question 20

What was the Knight of the Long Knives?

Answer 20

Hitler invited Röhm and 100 SA leaders on the 30th June 1934 and arrested then killed them

Question 21

What was the death of Hindenburg?

Answer 21

Hindenburg died in August 1934 and within hours the offices of Chancellors and President were combined to create an office of Fuhrer

Question 22

What is the army oath of allegiance?

Answer 22

Day Hindenburg died Hitler made the army swear and oath of allegiance to him not Germany

Question 23

What was the SD (Security service)?

Answer 23

Set up by Heinrich Himmler and led by Reinhard Heydrich in 1931 and spied on opponents of the Nazi Party

Question 24

What was the Gestapo?

Answer 24

Set up by Heinrich Himmler and led by Reinhard Heydrich in 1933 who spied and prosecuted people for speaking out against the Nazis

Question 25

How did Hitler control the legal system?

Answer 25

All judges had to belong to the National Socialist League for the Maintenance of the Law, had to favour the Nazi Party in any decision and he abolished trial by jury

Question 26

Why was Hitler worried about the Catholic church?

Answer 26

They were loyal to the pope
Usually supported the Catholic Centre Party
Sent their kids to Catholic schools and youth organisations

Question 27

What was the Reich church?

Answer 27

Founded in 1933 was made up of 2000 members and supported the Nazis

Question 28

What was the Confessing church?

Answer 28

Founded in 1934 was made up of 6000 members and opposed the Nazis

Question 29

What were the methods of censorship?

Answer 29

Public burning of books by Jewish writers or others who disagreed with Nazi views
Radio producers, playwrights filmmakers and newspapers were told what to say
Newspapers opposing the Nazis were closed