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Chemistry > WM (f334) > Flashcards

WM (f334) Flashcards

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1
Q

What’s the functional group in carboxylic acids

A

=o

H-C-OH

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2
Q

Name

Ch3ch2ch2ch2ch2cooh

A

Hexanoic acid

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3
Q

Give the equation for propanoic acid reacting with potassium hydroxide

A

Ch3ch2cooh + KOH –> ch3ch2coo-k+ + h20

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4
Q

What is used for testing for carboxylic acids

A

Sodium carbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate solutions

Produce bubbles of CO2 be confirmed by testing the gas with limewater, which turns milky

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5
Q

Functional group of ester

A

O
||
-C-O-

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6
Q

Functional group for acyl chloride

A

O
||
-C-Cl

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7
Q

Functional group for amide

A 
O 
  ||
-C-N-
      |
     H
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8
Q

Functional group for acid anhydride

A 
O
      //
   -C
        \ O
        / 
    -C 
       \\
         O
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9
Q

Name the process and reagents involved when a carboxylic acid reacts with alcohols

A

Esterification/ condensation
Heated under reflux with acid catalyst conc sulfuric acid

Ethanoic acid + ethanol –> ethyl ethanoate + water

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10
Q

Test for phenols

A

Iron (III) chloride
Purple complex
Distinguish between phenol and alcohol

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11
Q

When an acid reacts with water what ion is produced

A

Oxonium ion

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12
Q

Order ethanoic acid, water ethanol, phenol in acidic strength

A

Ethanol

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13
Q

Explain the order of acidic strength

A

Phenoxide ions (C6H5O-) and carboxylate ions (RCOO-) are more stable than hydroxide (OH-) and ethoxide ions (CH3CH2O-) because the negative charge on the ion can be delocalised across several atoms

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14
Q

What reacts with NaOH and sodium carbonate

A

Ethanol phenol -cooh

S. Hydroxide no Yes Yes
S. Carbonate no No Yes

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15
Q

How can phenols be converted into esters

A

React with acyl chloride room temp or acid anhydrides (heated under reflux) to make esters

Anhydrous conditions

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16
Q 
Name this ester 
       O
      //
H- c 
       \ 
        O - ch2ch2ch3
A

1st part alcohol
2nd part from the acid

Propyl methanoate

17
Q

Describe the reaction of the breakdown of a molecule by water

A

Hydrolysis

Ethyl ethanoate + NaOH -> ethanol and ethanoate ion

18
Q

Reagents for hydrolysis of ester

A

Acid catalyst (h2so4)

Alkali catalyst (NaOH)

Alkaline hydrolysis preferred as reaction goes to completion

19
Q

What is atom economy

A

(Mr of useful products/ Mr of reactants used) x 100

20
Q

What types of reaction have the highest atom economy

A

Rearrangement
Addition
100%

21
Q

What types of reaction have the lowest atom economy

A

Elimination

22
Q

Define a substitution reaction

A

Replacing one group on a molecule with another always 2 products formed

23
Q

Complete

Carbonate + acid –>

A

Salt + water + co2

Chemistry (6 decks)

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