WLAN

Question 1

WLAN

Answer 1

Wireless Networking

Question 2

Ad Hoc wireless

Answer 2

Devices communicate with each other

No need for centralized AP

Question 3

Infrastructure wireless

Answer 3

Communicate through router or access point

Question 4

WAP

Answer 4

Wireless Access Point
Expands wired LAN into wireless domain
Single collision domain

Question 5

IBSS

Answer 5

Independent Basic Service Set

Ad Hoc wirless

Question 6

BSS

Answer 6

Basic Service Set
Infrastructure wireless
One AP connected to internet

Question 7

ESS

Answer 7

Extended Service Set
Infrastructure wireless
Multiple APs connected to internet

Question 8

2.4Ghz overlap

Answer 8

Cannot overlap on same frequency

Question 9

5.0Ghz overlap

Answer 9

Same channels should be separated by at least 2 cells instead of 1

Question 10

Omnidirectional antenna

Answer 10

Radiates power equally in all directions

Question 11

Unidirectional antenna

Answer 11

focusses power in one direction for greater distances

Yagi antenna

Question 12

DSSS

Answer 12

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
Series of signals known as chips
High environmental interference
Uses entire frequency spectrum to transmit

Question 13

FHSS

Answer 13

Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum
Devices hop between predetermined frequencies
Increases security
Hops occur on predetermined timer

Question 14

OFDM

Answer 14

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
Slow modulation rate with simultaneous transmission over 52 data streams
Allows for higher data rates while resisting interference between streams

Question 15

2.4GHz channels

Answer 15

1, 6, 11

Question 16

802.11

Answer 16

2.4
1 or 2 Mbps
DSSS or FHSS
20m in
100m out

Question 17

802.11a

Answer 17

5
54Mbps
OFDM
35m in
120m out

Question 18

802.11b

Answer 18

2.4
11 Mbps
DSSS
32m in
140m out

Question 19

802.11g

Answer 19

2.4
54 Mbps
OFDM or DSSS
70m in
250m out

Question 20

802.11n

Answer 20

2.4 and 5
>300 Mbps
OFDM
70m in
250m out

Question 21

802.11ac

Answer 21

5
>3Gbps
OFDM
70m in
250m out

Question 22

RFI

Answer 22

Radio Frequency Interference

Caused by similar frequencies to WLAN

Question 23

CSMA/CA

Answer 23

Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance
Controls access to medium
Listens for transmission to determine if safe to transmit
-If channel is clear, transmit Request to Send (RTS)
-Waits for acknowledgement
-If RTS received, respond with Clear to Send (CTS)
-If not received, device starts random back off timer

Question 24

Pre-shared key

Answer 24

AP and client use same encryption key

All clients must know the same password

Question 25

WEP

Answer 25

``` Wire Equivalent Privacy Original 802.11 security standard Static 40 bit pre-shared key Upgraded to 64 and 128 bit keys 24-bit initialization vector sent in clear text Unsecure ```

Question 26

WPA

Answer 26

WiFi Protected Access Replaced WEP Follows Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) 48 bit initialization vector Rivest Cypher 4 (RC4) used for encryption Message Integrity Check (MIC) (hashing) Users required to authenticate before exchanging temporary keys

Question 27

WPA2

Answer 27

WiFI Protected Access 2 Cipher Clock Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol (CCMP) Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) - 128 bit key or above Personal Mode - pre-shared keys Enterprise Mode - Centralized authentication

Question 28

If asked about Open

Answer 28

No security

Question 29

If asked about WEP

Answer 29

IV

Question 30

If asked about WPA

Answer 30

TKIP and RC4

Question 31

If asked about WPA2

Answer 31

CCMP and AES

Question 32

802.1x

Answer 32

Network Authentication | Users authentication with their own credentials

Question 33

EAP

Answer 33

``` Extensible Authentication Protocol Authentication using 802.1x EAP-FAST (Flexible Authentication via Secure Tunneling) EAP-MD5 EAP-TLS ```

Question 34

MAC Address filtering

Answer 34

Configures AP with list of permitted MAC addresses

Question 35

NAC

Answer 35

Network Access Control Permits or denies access to network based on characteristics of device Does not use credentials

Question 36

Captive Portal

Answer 36

Page that appears before user is able to access network resources Accepts credentials and presents them to authentication server

Question 37

Geofencing

Answer 37

GPS or RFID Active or passive Used to determine access/network authentication

Question 38

Disable SSID Broadcast

Answer 38

Configures AP to not broadcast name of WLAN | Easy to find

Question 39

Rogue Access Point

Answer 39

AP set up to lure users to connect | Can capture all packets through rogue AP

Question 40

War driving

Answer 40

Looking for unsecure wireless networks

Question 41

War chalking

Answer 41

Users write symbols on wall to notify others of AP characteristics