TCP/IP Flashcards
TCP/IP Layers
Network Interface
Internet
Transport
Application
Purpose of Network Interface Layer
Physical and electrical components
Transmit bits across the network
Purpose of Internet Layer
Packages data into IP diagrams and routes these IP diagrams between hosts across the network
Purpose of Transport Layer
Provides communication management between hosts
Defines level of service and status of connection used for transport
Purpose of Application Layer
Defines TCP/IP application protocols
End-user interaction
Ports
Allows IP addresses to know which applications are listening on a system
Port numbers
0 - 65,535
Well known & reserved 0 - 1023
Ephemeral ports: 1024 - 65,535
IPv4 packets
Consists of source address, destination address, IP flags, and protocol
FTP
File Transfer Protocol
Port 20, 21
Transfer files
SSH
Secure Shell
Port 22
Remote login
Telnet
Port 23
Unsecure remote login
SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
Port 25
Email
DNS
Domain Name System
Port 53
Converts names to IP addresses
DHCP
Port 67, 68
Dynamically assigns IP address and config parameters to client
Allows computers to request IP address ad config parameters
TFTP
Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Port 69
Stripped down FTP
HTTP
HyperText Transfer Protocol
Port 80
Unsecured web browsing
POP3
Post Office Protocol v3
Port 110
Downloading email
NTP
Networking Time Protocol
Port 123
Clock synchronization between computer systems
NetBIOS
Network Basic Input/Output System
Port 139
File and printer sharing over LAN
IMAP
Internet Mail Application
Port 143
Retrieve email over TCP/IP connection
SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol
Port 161
Collection and organization of information about managed devices on IP networks
LDAP
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
Port 389
Accessing and maintaining distributed directory of information services
HTTPS
HTTP Secure
Port 443
Adds security to HTTP using TLS or SSL
SMB
Server Message Block
Port 445
Shared access to files, printers, and miscellaneous communication between devices on a network
