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Network + > IP Addressing > Flashcards

IP Addressing Flashcards

1
Q

IP

A

Internet Protocol address
Numerical label to identify communication devices on network
Layer 3
IPv4 or IPv6

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2
Q

IPv4 format

A

32 bits in length

Four 8 bit octets

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3
Q

Subnet mask

A

Defines network portion
Network portion if binary 1
Host portion if binary 0

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4
Q

Classful Mask

A

Using default subnet mask

255.0.0.0

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5
Q

Class A IP

A

First Octet: 1 - 126
Classful Mask decimal: 255.0.0.0
Classful Mask prefix: /8

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6
Q

Class B IP

A

First Octet: 128 - 191
Classful Mask decimal: 255.255.0.0
Classful Mask prefix: /16

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7
Q

Class C IP

A

First Octet: 192 - 223
Classful Mask decimal: 255.255.255.0
Classful Mask prefix: /24

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8
Q

Class D IP

A

First Octet: 224 - 239
Classful Mask decimal: n/a
Classful Mask prefix: n/a

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9
Q

Routable IPs

A

Publicly-routable IP addresses
Managed by ICANN
Purchased through ISP

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10
Q

ICANN

A

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers

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11
Q

Private IPs

A

Can be used by anyone

Not routable outside LAN

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12
Q

NAT

A

Network Address Translation

Allows routing of private IPs through a public IP

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13
Q

Private Class A IP

A

Address Range: 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255

Default subnet mask: 255.0.0.0

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14
Q

Private Class B IP

A

Address Range: 172.16.0.0 - 171.31.255.255

Default subnet mask: 255.255.0.0

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15
Q

Private Class C IP

A

Address Range: 192.168.0.0 - 192.169.255.255

Default subnet mask: 255.255.255.0

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16
Q

Loopback addresses

A

127.x.x.x
Refer to device itself - used for testing
Commonly 127.0.0.1

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17
Q

APIPA

A

Automatic Private IP Addresses
Dynamically assigned by OS when DHCP server unavailable
Range of 169.254.x.x
Non-routable

18
Q

IPv4 Unicast

A

Data travels from single source to single destination

19
Q

IPv4 Multicast

A

Data travels from single source to multiple specific destinations

20
Q

IPv4 Broadcast

A

Data travels from single source to all devices on destination network

21
Q

Static IP assignment

A

Simple
Time consuming
Human error
Impractical for large networks

22
Q

Dynamic IP assignment

A

Quick
Easy
Less confusing
Simple for large networks

23
Q

Information assigned from static or dynamic IP assignment

A

IP address
Subnet mask
Default gateway
Server addresses

24
Q

DHCP

A

Dynamic Host Control Protocol
Assigns IP from assignable pool (scope)
Provides clients with IP, subnet mask, default gateway, DNS server, WINS server, and variables for VoIP
IP leased for given amount of time

25
Q

Zeroconfig

A

Zero Configuration
Assigning link-local IP addresses
Resolving computer names to IP addresses without need for DNS server - mDNS (Multicast DNS)
Locating network services

26
Q

Subnetting

A

Dividing up large network into smaller networks

Barrowing bits from original host portion and adding them to network portion

27
Q

Number of created subnets formula

A

= 2^s

Where S is number of barrowed bits

28
Q

Number of assignable IP addresses formula

A

=2^h-2

Where h is number of host bits

29
Q

CIDR

A

Classless Interdomain Routing
Used to summarize contiguous networks as single route
Route aggregation

30
Q

VLSM

A

Variable Length Subnet Masking
Allows subnets of various sizes to be used
Subnetting of subnets
Requires protocol that supports it: RIPv2, OSPF, IS-IS, EIGRP, BGP

31
Q

IPv6

A

More addresses
No broadcasts
No fragmentation
Simplified header (5 fields instead of 12)

32
Q

IPv6 address structure

A

128 bits

Each hexadecimal is 4 bits

33
Q

IPv6 address types

A

Globally routable unicast addresses: begins with 2000 to 3999
Link local address: begins with FE80
Multicast address: begins with FF

34
Q

Does IPv6 need DHCP?

A

IPv6 uses auto config to discover current network
Selects its own host ID based on MAC address
Uses NDP to learn layer 2 addresses on the network

35
Q

NDP

A 
Neighbor Discovery Protocol
Used to learn layer 2 addresses on network
Performs: 
Router solicitation
Router advertisement
Neighbor solicitation
Neighbor advertisement
Redirect
36
Q

Router solicitation

A

Host sends message to locate routers on link

37
Q

Router advertisement

A

Routers advertise their presence periodically and in response to solicitation

38
Q

Neighbor solicitation

A

Used by nodes to determine link layer addresses

39
Q

Neighbor advertisement

A

Used by nodes to respond to solicitation messages

40
Q

IPv6 Unicast

A

Same as IPv4 but with IPv6 addresses

41
Q

IPv6 Multicast

A

Same as IPv4 but with IPv6 addresses

42
Q

IPv6 Anycast

A

One host initiates efficient updating of router tables for group of hosts

Network + (16 decks)

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