Wk.3 L2 - Cardiovascular Development (Vascular system) Flashcards
LO
- Briefly define the adult cardiovascular (circulatory) system
- Track development of the body’s major blood vessels
Adult CV System
- Pulmonary circulation
- Systemic Circulation
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Vasculogensis & Angiogenesis
Vasculogensis:
- Endothelial progenitor cells come together to create a new vessel
Angiogenesis:
- Blood vessel sprouts to form new sub-vessels branches to create new branches.
Fetal circulation anatomy
Heart tube and dorsal aorta are formed by vasculogenesis
- From these 2 main tubes, angiogenesis occurs to form the rest of the vascular system
Angiogenesis forms the Arteriol, Venous and Umbilical systems
Arteriol system
- Aortic Arches
- Vitellin artery
- Umbilical artery
Venous system
- Cardinal veins
- Vitellin veins
- Umbilical vein (to placenta)
Development of the Aortic Arches
- Dorsal Aorta fuse together into one tube to form the descending arteries
- Angiogenesis occurs from the Aortic Sac
- Blood vessels sprout from the sac and connect to the dorsal aorta on either side
- The sprouts form 6 arches from the aortic sac to the L&R dorsal aorta
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Fate of the Aortic Arches
Once the arches are formed. Arches 1,2 and 5 heavilt regress, leaving 3 arches either side
Remaining arches 3,4 and 6 eventually morph into the aorta
1 = Regress & Maxillary Artery
2 = Regress
3 = Common Carotids
4L = Aortic Arch
4R = right subclavian to lower body & right arm
5 = Regres
6L = left pulmonary artery
6R = right pulmonary artery
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Branches of Descending Aorta
Vitelline Arteries:
- Celiac trunk (foregut)
- Superior Mesenteric (midgut)
- Inferior Mesenteric (hindgut)
Dorsal Lateral Branches:
- Intercostal arteries (chest)
- Lumbar arteries (back)
Lateral Branches:
- Aderal (glands)
- Renal (kidney)
- Gonads (Reproductive)
Iliac Arteries:
- Umbilical
- Sacral (lower back)
- External & Internal iliacs (legs)
Development of the venous system
At the bottom of the heart tube
Arises from angiogenesis
- LHS & RHS eventually starts to shift to RHS to form 1 venous system
3 Systems within:
- cardinal
- Vitellin
- Umbilical
Vitellin and Umbilical venous system
Develops the Hepatic portion of the inferior vena cava
As the liver develops, hepatic sinusoids form on the L&RHS
- The LSH hepatic sinusoids shift to the RHS and LHS regresses
The Right Vitellin system then drains into the portal vein which also drains the spleen and gut
Exeption:
The Left Umbilical vein remains and the RHS regresses
Cardinal Venous system
Cardinal veins develop anterior and posterior
Anterior Cardinal Vein
Drains top portion of body above the heart
- Subclavian & Jugular Venous systems
- LHS regresses and forms a bridge to RHS through the left BCV
All joining back at the superior vena cava
Posterior Cardinal vein
LHS regresses and shifts to RHS
Supra-cardinal veins: (Superior)
- Back and chest (Azygous & Hemi-Azygous)
Sub-cardinal veins: (mid)
- Adrenal
- Renal
- Gonads
Sacro-cardinal veins: (inferior)
- Legs
All 3 drain into suprior vena cava
