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Chem 2 > Wk 7, Wk 8, Wk 9, Jeopardy review > Flashcards

Wk 7, Wk 8, Wk 9, Jeopardy review Flashcards

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1
Q

The islet cells of the pancreas secrete all of the following hormones except:

Glucagon
Somatostatin
Secretin
Insulin

A

Secretin

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2
Q

Which of the following hormones is responsible for the stimulation of ductal epithelial cell secretion of bicarbonate?

Gastrin
Secretin
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
Insulin

A

Secretin

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3
Q

In patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, fecal fat is often decreased and fecal enzymes are increased.

True
False

A

False

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4
Q

All of the following conditions are associated with acute pancreatitis except:

Mumps
Tissue injury
Biliary tract obstruction
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

A

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

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5
Q

This heavy metal has both an essential form and a toxic, nonessential form. When absorbed it will be bound by transferrin and transported by albumin.

Chromium
Cadmium
Copper
Aluminum

A

Chromium

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6
Q

Over the decades, this element has been considered a toxic element, a carcinogen, essential element, and an anti-carcinogen. It is also involved in the metabolism of thyroid hormones.

Zinc
Selenium
Copper
Molybdenum

A

Selenium

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7
Q

A vitamin _________ is due to either inadequate diet, inadequate GI absorption, competing organisms (parasites).

Toxicity
Insufficiency
Deficiency

A

Deficiency

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8
Q

This deficiency in this vitamin is associated with hair loss, anorexia, and depression. It is often found in hair products and supplements. Taking supplements that contain this may cause interference with certain test assays.

Vitamin A (retinol)
Vitamin B3 (niacin)
Vitamin C
Vitamin B7 (biotin)

A

Vitamin B7 (biotin)

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9
Q

Put in the order of electrophoretic mobility (slowest to fastest) on cellulose acetate.

Hemoglobin S
Hemoglobin C
Hemoglobin A
Hemoglobin F

A

Hemoglobin C
Hemoglobin S
Hemoglobin F
Hemoglobin A

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10
Q

What is not a reason to order/perform a myoglobin test?

Rhabdomylosis
Dehydration
Myocardial infarction
Diagnosis of hereditary progressive muscular dystrophy

A

Dehydration

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11
Q

The most common abnormalities in the structure of hemoglobin is:

Amino acid deletions
Elongated hemoglobin chains
Fused or hybrid chains
Amino acid substitutions

A

Amino acid substitutions

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12
Q

Which of the following is a qualitative screening test for porphobilinogen that may be performed to aid in the diagnosis of the porphyrias?

Caraway test
Gutman test
Jendreassik-Grok test
Watson-Schwartz test

A

Watson-Schwartz test

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13
Q

Which of the following will lead to decreased serum levels of creatinine in the geriatric patient?

Decreased muscle mass
Increased GFR
Decreased protein intake
None of the above

A

Decreased muscle mass

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14
Q

Which could account for drug toxicity following a normally prescribed dose to the geriatric patient?

Decreased renal clearance
Slowing of drug absorption
Liver impairment
All of the above

A

All of the above

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15
Q

All of the following represent normal physiology of the newborn except:

Weight of 2.1 kg
Immature liver function and inability to eliminate excess bilirubin
Infants normally rapidly adapt by initiating active respiration
4-6 months for the infants body weight to double

A

Weight of 2.1 kg

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16
Q

Which is not a test typically included on a newborn screening panel in the U.S.

Cystic fibrosis
Cholesterol
Sickle cell disease
Phenylketonuria

A

Cholesterol

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17
Q

What type of tissue is the hormone releasing islets of Langerhans?

A

Endocrine

18
Q

The location where the liver and pancreas combine enzymes and bile is called:

A

The Ampulla of Vater

19
Q

Somatostatin is released by what type of cell?

A

Delta

20
Q

Which enzyme test is almost exclusively a pancreatic test and increases within 24 hours for acute pancreatitis?

A

Lipase

21
Q

What test is a direct determination of the exocrine secretory capacity of the pancreas?

A

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

22
Q

How many pyrrole rings are in a porphyrin ring?

A

4

23
Q

What refers to quantitative defects in the production of hemoglobin molecules?

A

Thalassemias

24
Q

Variegate porphyria (VP) has what symptom type?

A

Neurocutaneous

25
Q

What type of hemoglobinopathy would have a negative solubility test?

A

Hemoglobin C (E, D)

26
Q

The control rate of heme synthesis in the liver is through regulation of what enzyme?

A

Aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALAS)

27
Q

Patients with toxicity of this element often have anxiety along with bouts of compulsive laughing and crying.

A

Manganese

28
Q

What is the primary plasma iron transport protein

A

Transferrin

29
Q

This element is widely used in industry and household ways. It also is associated with anemia, bone disease, and progressive dementia

A

Aluminum

30
Q

Given these lab results, what would an expected condition be:

Transferrin decreased, Ferritin increased, % saturation increased, TIBC decreased

A

Iron overdose

31
Q

This element has gone through quite the identity crisis over the decades being seen as a toxic element, a carcinogen, essential element, and anti-carcinogen.

A

Selenium

32
Q

True or false: heel stick and venipuncture blood is identical in composition.

A

False

33
Q

True or False: Drug dosing and interactions are something that needs to be watched more closely in a geriatric patient for several reasons.

A

True

34
Q

True or False: Calcium and Aldosterone increase in value in a geriatric patient.

A

False

35
Q

Which biomarker is typically higher in neonates that in adults?

A

Ammonia

36
Q

Anoxia and trauma during delivery can cause what type of condition for the neonate?

A

Metabolic acidosis

37
Q

This vitamin prevents scurvy.

A

Vitamin C

38
Q

What is the term that refers to a condition in where a person’s diet is deficient in both protein and calories?

A

Marasmus

39
Q

What vitamin is common in supplements to help deal with hair loss but also can cause interference with some testing methods for specific tests?

A

Vitamin B7 (Biotin)

40
Q

Folate and Vitamin B12 are commonly run to help distinguish causes of what condition?

A

Megaloblastic anemia

41
Q

A patient who is unable to consume adequate amounts of food for whatever reason may be supported using what.

A

TPN Total Parenteral Nutrition

Chem 2 (6 decks)

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