WK 5 - The Brain and Nervous System

Question 1

A neurotransmitter that plays an important role in memory & learning.

Answer 1

Glutamate

Question 2

A neurotransmitter that affects the nervous system involving thought, feeling, motivation and behaviour.

Answer 2

Dopamine

Question 3

A neurotransmitter involved in regulating mood, sleep, eating, arousal and pain.

Answer 3

Seratonin

Question 4

A neurotransmitter involved in learning and memory.

Answer 4

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Question 5

Hormones that elevate mood and reduce pain.

Answer 5

Endorphins

Question 6

Insulates the axon so the action potential is faster

Answer 6

myelin sheath

Question 7

Prepares the body in response to a threat

Answer 7

sympathetic nervous system

Question 8

When two individuals are having a conversation, which two regions of the brain are used?

Answer 8

Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area

Question 9

The brain’s outermost layer of nerve cell tissue. It has a wrinkled appearance from its many folds and grooves and plays a key role in memory, thinking, learning, reasoning, problem-solving, emotions, and consciousness.

Answer 9

Cerebral Cortex

Question 10

What carries information from cell to cell within the nervous system as well as to and from muscles and organs

Answer 10

neurons

Question 11

Which area of the brain is responsible for processing conscious memory?

Answer 11

Hippocampus

Question 12

Which lobe is found in the back of the brain and is the location of the brain’s visual system?

Answer 12

Occipital lobe

Question 13

A tennis player swings to hit a ball with their left arm. Which area of the brain would help control movement of the arm?

Answer 13

Right motor cortex

Question 14

Cocaine achieves it’s effect by inhibiting ______ -

Answer 14

reuptake

Question 15

After a stroke, a man is still able to talk, but not to understand the speech of others, even though he can hear that language sounds are being produced. They have probably suffered damage to ____________.

Answer 15

Wernicke’s area

Question 16

What is the largest part of the human brain?

Answer 16

Cerebrum

Question 17

What is the function of the frontal lobe in the brain?

Answer 17

Planning, decision making and personality

Question 18

What is the main role of the brainstem?

Answer 18

Regulating unconscious body functions

Question 19

What is the process by which the brain interprets and processes sensory information called?

Answer 19

Perception

Question 20

What is the function of the amygdala in the brain?

Answer 20

Regulates emotional responses

Question 21

What type of brain cells are responsible for transmitting nerve impulses?

Answer 21

Neurons

Question 22

What is the function of the neuro transmitter dopamine in the brain?

Answer 22

Regulates mood, movement & rewards

Question 23

What part of the brain relays sensory messages to the cortex?

Answer 23

Thalamus

Question 24

The thick band of axons connecting the two hemispheres of the cerebral cortex

Answer 24

Corpus callosum

Question 25

The most primitive part of the brain

Answer 25

Hindbrain

Question 26

The thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala and hippocampus are all a part of the ___________ system.

Answer 26

Limbic

Question 27

Responsible for language, hearing, visual pattern and recognition.

Answer 27

Temporal lobe

Question 28

The lobe responsible for vision

Answer 28

Occipital lobes

Question 29

A neurotransmitter involved in thought, feeling, motivation and behaviour.

Answer 29

Dopamine

Question 30

Involved in complex sensory, emotional, cognitive and behavioural process and consists of the hypothalamus, thalamus and cerebrum.

Answer 30

Forebrain

Question 31

______________ allows the brain to continue to develop and change itself in response to neural, environmental and behavioural experiences

Answer 31

Neuroplasticity

Question 32

The autonomic nervous system involved in conserving and maintaining the body's energy resources.

Answer 32

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 33

A neurotransmitter involved in the regulation of mood, sleep, eating, arousal and pain.

Answer 33

Serotonin

Question 34

A branch of the autonomic nervous system, typically activated in response to threats to the organism, which readies the body for 'fight-or-flight' reactions.

Answer 34

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 35

A brain structure located in the left temporal lobe involved in language comprehension.

Answer 35

Wernicke's area

Question 36

Necessary for speech production

Answer 36

Broca's area

Question 37

What carry's sensory information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system?

Answer 37

Sensory neurons

Question 38

What transmits commands from the brain to the glands and muscles of the body?

Answer 38

Motor neurons

Question 39

What connects neuron's with each other?

Answer 39

Interneurons

Question 40

Axons are often covered with ________ for more efficient electrical transmission.

Answer 40

myelin

Question 41

The voltage at which a neutron is not firing

Answer 41

Resting potential

Question 42

When a neuron sends information down an axon, away from the cell body.

Answer 42

action potential

Question 43

A collection of glands that control various bodily functions through the secretion of hormones

Answer 43

Endocrine system

Question 44

The part of the nervous system that controls basic life processes such as the beating heart and breathing.

Answer 44

autonomic nervous system

Question 45

The part of the nervous system that receives information through sensory receptors in the skin, muscles and other parts of the body.

Answer 45

somatic nervous system

Question 46

The part of the nervous system that carries messages to and from the central nervous system.

Answer 46

peripheral nervous system

Question 47

What is the function of the brainstem in the brain?

Answer 47

Regulating unconscious body functions

Question 48

What is the function of the cerebellum in the brain?

Answer 48

Movement and coordination

Question 49

What is the role of the hippocampus in the brain?

Answer 49

Emotions and memories

Question 50

Which region of the brain is responsible for regulating basic bodily functions such as hunger and thirst?

Answer 50

Hypothalamus

Question 51

What is the basic unit of the nervous system?

Answer 51

Neuron

Question 52

The brain and spinal chord make up which part of the nervous system?

Answer 52

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Question 53

The Somatic Nervous System, Autonomic Nervous System and Enteric Nervous System all make up part of which nervous system?

Answer 53

Peripheral Nervous System

Question 54

What are the three basic parts of a neuron?

Answer 54

Soma (cell body), dendrites (listeners), axon (talker)

Question 55

What role does an axon play in a neuron?

Answer 55

Transmits messages to other cells

Question 56

What role do dendrites play in a neuron?

Answer 56

Receive information from other cells

Question 57

What are the contact points that connect neurons?

Answer 57

Synapses

Question 58

Which neurotransmitter helps control alertness and arousal?

Answer 58

Norepinephrine

Question 59

GABA & seratonin are ______________ neurotransmitters

Answer 59

Inhibitory

Question 60

_____________ & ______________ act on the brain to effect and regulate our body

Answer 60

Hormones, neurotransmitters

Question 61

Adrenal glands, pancreas, thyroid glands, parathyroid glands, pertuatary gland, testes and ovaries are all a part of the ____________ system.

Answer 61

Endocrine system

Question 62

Hormone responsible for the ‘fight or flight’ response

Answer 62

Adrenaline

Question 63

The space in between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of another.

Answer 63

Synaptic Gap

Question 64

Cells that support neurons and hold them in place

Answer 64

Glial cells

Question 65

Three major types of neurons:

Answer 65

Sensory neurons, motor neurons, interneurons

Question 66

What is the part of the brain responsible for regulating basic functions like breathing and heart rate?

Answer 66

Medulla oblongata

Question 67

Which cortex located in the parietal lobe is responsible for processing sensory information like touch and temperature?

Answer 67

Somatosensory cortex

Question 68

What is the part of the brain responsible for voluntary movement and coordination?

Answer 68

Cerebellum

Question 69

Which part of the brain is responsible for emotions and motivation?

Answer 69

Limbic system

Question 70

What is the part of the brain responsible for memory and learning?

Answer 70

Hippocampus

Question 71

Which part of the brain is responsible for vision?

Answer 71

Occipital lobe

Question 72

What is the part of the brain responsible for processing auditory information?

Answer 72

Auditory coretex

Question 73

Which part of the brain is responsible for decision-making and impulse control?

Answer 73

Pre-frontal coretex

Question 74

In which lobes of the cerebral cortex is the auditory cortex located?

Answer 74

Temporal lobes

Question 75

In which lobes of the cerebral cortex is the pre-frontal cortex located?

Answer 75

Frontal lobes

Question 76

In which lobes of the cerebral cortex is the somatosensory cortex located?

Answer 76

Parietal lobes

Question 77

The creation of new neurons

Answer 77

Neurogenesis

Question 78

What is the function of the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 78

To transmit sensory information to the central nervous system

Question 79

Which division of the peripheral nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response?

Answer 79

Autonomic nervous system

Question 80

What is the name of the type of neuron that transmits information from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands?

Answer 80

Motor neurons

Question 81

Neurotransmitter found in all motor neurons and involved in all body movement. It also plays a role in learning and memory.

Answer 81

Acetylcholine (ACh)