Wk 30: Hepatitis B Flashcards
1
Q
What is hep B?
A
- Enveloped hepatotropic DNA virus
- Blood borne + sexually transmitted
2
Q
What are the risk factors of hep B?
A
- Perinatal exposure
- Multiple sexual partners
- Men sex w/ men
- Injection drug use
- Asian, eastern european or african
- Hx STDs
- Infected wiv HIV
- Imprisonment
3
Q
Which high risk patients are vaccinated against hep B?
A
- Hyper-endemic areas
- IVDU
- Dialysis
- HIV
- Pregnant
- Men sex w/ Men
4
Q
What are symptoms of acute hep B?
A
- Fever + chill
- Malaise
- Rash
- Jaundice
5
Q
What are signs of chronic hep B?
A
- HCC
- Cirrhosis
- Liver failure
6
Q
How is hep b diagnosed?
A
- Bloods: LFTs, FBC, U+Es
- Examination: hepatomegaly + jaundice
7
Q
What is the treatment for acute hep B?
A
<6 months
- Nucleoside analogue +/- liver transplant
- Lamivudine 100mg orally OD
8
Q
How would you prevent chronic hep B?
A
- Hep A vaccine
- Avoid heavy EtOH intake
9
Q
How does hep B cause cirrhosis?
A
- Immune reaction -> inflammation, cell death + scarring w/in liver
- Likely: older patients, EtOH abuse + infected HBeAG negative
10
Q
What is the treatment for chronic hep B?
A
- Entecavir OR peginterferon alfa 2a OR tenofovir
- Once a week
- Upto 48 wks
11
Q
What is 2nd line for the treatment of chronic hep B?
A
Nucleoside analogues: suppress/destroy HBV by preventing replication
- Lamivudine
- Entecavir
- Adefovir
12
Q
What are the advantages + disadvantages of interferon?
A
+ Short course
+ Lack resistance
- Parenteral admin
- Mod antiviral effect
13
Q
What are the advantages + disadvantages of nucleoside analogues?
A
+ Oral admin
+ Potent antiviral effect
- Indefinite duration
- Resistance
14
Q
What is the incubation period?
A
40-160 days
