Wk 25: Immunology Flashcards
1
Q
What is the immune system made up of?
A
Innate:
- 1st: skin, mucous membrane
- 2nd: phagocyte, inflammation, fever
Adaptive:
- 3rd: specialised lymphocytes, T + B cells
2
Q
What are pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)?
A
- Bacterial cell wall made up of lipopolysaccharides
- dsRNA prod during viral infection
3
Q
What is damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)?
A
Tissue damage activate innate immunity
4
Q
What is a hapten?
A
Molecule that elicits immune response
5
Q
What is an epitope?
A
Small portion of aa on surface of antigen
6
Q
What is the mechanism of action of phagocytosis?
A
- Adherence of microbe to phagocyte
- Ingestion of microbe by phagocyte
- Form phagosome
- Fuse phagosome w/ lysosome - forms phagolysosome
- Digestion of ingested microbe by enzyme
- Formation of residual body - contains indigestible material
7
Q
What are the major cells of the adaptive immune system?
A
- Antigen presenting cells (APCs)
- Antigen specific t cells
- B cells which diff. into plasma cells producing antibodies
8
Q
What 2 major processes does adaptive immunity activate?
A
- Cell mediated response
- Humoral response
9
Q
Where does T-cells + B-cells recieve co-stimulation from?
A
- T: mature dendritic cells
- B: t cells
10
Q
Where are T cells developed?
A
Bone marrow but mature in thymus
11
Q
Where are B cells developed?
A
Bone marrow
12
Q
What are the mechanism of action of antibodies?
A
- Opsonization coating of foreign targets
- Improve phagocytosis by neutrophils + macrophages
- Neutralisation - block pathogen/toxins from binding to target
- Degranulation of cells + inflammation
