Wk 25 - Pain Flashcards
What is pain?
An unpleasant sensory + emotional experience associated w/ actual or potential tissue damage
What are the types of nociceptive pain?
- Visceral pain
- Somatic pain
What is visceral pain?
Difficult to locate, distant + stems from internal organs
What are the types of somatic pain?
- Superficial pain: activation of nociceptors in skin/other superficial tissue (sharp or burning)
- Deep somatic pain: activation of nociceptors in ligaments, bones, tendones, muscles (dull or aching)
What is referred pain?
Perceived at location other than side of painful stimulus
What is radiating pain?
Pain that spreads from original area outwards to another part of body
What is breakthrough pain?
Transitory flare up of pain against background of otherwise well controlled pain
What is psychogenic pain?
Result of some underlying psychological disorder
What is phantom pain?
Patient’s experience of pain in part of body that has been removed surgically or traumatically
What is neuropathic pain?
- Pain following direct injury to peripheral nerve
- Partial/complete damage of somatosensory pathway in PNS/CNS
- Pain w/in denervated zone
Outline where neuropathic pain is observed
- Diabetes
- Carpal tunnel syndrome
- Sciatica
- Traumatic injury: ischemia, radio therapy, viral infection
What are the different types of diabetic neuropathy?
- Peripheral: affects nerves of feet + legs
- Autonomic: damage to nerves that control involuntary functions
- Focal: injury to peripheral nerve at 1 site
What is recommended to relieve neuropathic pain?
- Not morphine or combination
- Tricyclics (amitriptyline)
- Anticonvulsant (carbamazepine, pregabalin + gabapentin)
- Corticosteroids (dexamethasone)
What is the trigeminal nerve?
5th cranial nerves (from brain stem inside skull)
What is the trigeminal nerve divided into?
- Ophthalmic (V1): sensation to forehead + eyes
- Maxillary (V2): sensation to cheek, upper lip + roof of mouth
- Mandibular (V3): sensation to jaw + lower lip
