WK 10, 11, 12 development and awareness Flashcards
What are conjoining clauses? when do they develop
Skills develop in preschool period E.g. I went home after I finished lectures, He was so annoyed because I was late
What are embedded clauses? when do they develop
subordinate clause which has been placed in the middle of the sentence.
-Stage IV i.e. 3-3;6yrs
-the girl ‘who was reading a book’ was wearing a shirt
define metalinguistics. State it’s subtypes
ability to reflect on, and think about language/how it is used.
-Phonological awareness: Noticing the sounds within words
-Semantic awareness: Reflection on word meanings
-Syntactic awareness: Reflection on grammatical accuracy
-Pragmatic awareness: Reflection on language use in context
Define phonological awareness. When does it develop?
Noticing the sounds within words e.g. “potato starts with a /p/”
-Emerges/grows during early school age period.
Define semantic awareness. When does it develop?
Reflection on word meanings e.g. “What does that word mean?”
-Improves with greater vocab development through exposure to reading (around 10yrs)
Define syntactic awareness. When does it develop?
Reflection on grammatical accuracy e.g. “the words are in the wrong order” “I don’t have an adjective here”
-Appears in mid primary years for complex sentences
Define pragmatic awareness. When does it develop?
Reflection on language use in context e.g. “I shouldn’t talk to my principal like that”
-Develops during later childhood and adolescence
Describe horizontal development
child adds features to their definition that are common to adult definition
E.g. Potato; Type of vegetable, Can be used to make chips, mash, crisps, Turnip, pumpkin – similar uses and texture/taste
Describe vertical development
involve bringing together all definitions that can fit a single word
e.g. genes/jeans, ducts/ducks, site/sight; council/counsel, brake/break, hot temper/hot temperature
Allows for metaphorical meanings and figurative language
Define figurative language
-Creates imaginative or emotive expression.
-Need to be learnt one-by-one. Dependent on exposure. Related to reading.
Describe sequencing/focused chain and when it occurs
-around 5 yrs
-Reactive sequence
-Temporally related statements around a central topic.
Describe narrating and when it occurs
-around 5-7yrs
-Complete Episode
-Temporally related statements around a central topic with a theme or moral. Developed plots.
what narrative skills develop during school years
-Story length increase -complexity develops via conjunctions, locatives, dialogue, comparatives, adjectives and causal statements.
Name the 7 grammar levels/stages (when writing narratives)
- Descriptive Sequences (preschool skill)
- Action Sequences (preschool skill)
- Reaction Sequences (preschool skill)
- Abbreviated Sequences (early primary)
- Complete Episodes (late primary)
- Complex Episodes (early adolescents)
- Interactive Episodes
Name and describe stage 1 of grammar levels (when writing narrative
descriptive sequences
(preschool skill)
-includes character and setting
Name and describe stage 2 of grammar levels (when writing narrative
action sequences
(preschool skill)
-includes characters, setting and list of actions
Name and describe stage 3 of grammar levels (when writing narrative
Reaction Sequences (preschool skill)
-Including characters, setting, initiating event and list of actions that are because of the initiating event
Name and describe stage 4 of grammar levels (when writing narrative
Abbreviated Sequences (early primary)
-Includes characters, setting, an initiating event, character emotions relating to the initiating event, and a conclusion to the story/direct consequence of events
Name and describe stage 5 of grammar levels (when writing narrative
Complete Episodes
(late primary)
-Includes characters, setting, initiating event, emotions, character plan or intention, events that are the result of the interaction between the initiating event and the characters plan and a direct consequence of the events and a resolution
Name and describe stage 6 of grammar levels (when writing narrative
(early adolescents)
-Includes all the elements from stage 5, but one or more events cause an initiating event for a new narrative
Name and describe stage 7 of grammar levels (when writing narrative
Interactive Episodes
-All previously described elements and two characters have several goals and actions that influence each other
define expository discourse. What skills are required?
Based on factual info
Focuses on:
Comparison, Causation, Problem, Collection/ description, Enumeration
Skills needed:
- will differ by task. Need to be learnt individually.
-Begins in Year 4, becomes increasingly more complex and analytical with age
Define persuasive discourse and the required skills
convincing others to accept a point of view, argument.
-Progresses from Year 3.
Linguistic techniques:
Appeals, Analogy, Anecdotes, Changes in language, Evidence, Hyperbole/exaggeration, Inclusive language, Figurative language
What is print awareness
-Interest in printed material (print interest)
-Understanding that printed material is organised
-Understanding that printed words and letters have their names (print forms)
-Understanding printed words have meaning, and words are seen in a variety of contexts
-Understanding printed words have parts
-Writing - as a form of communication
What is alphabet awareness
Emerging knowledge of the alphabet.
-Rapid growth 3-5 years.
Order of alphabet acquisition:
.Own name advantage
.Letter name pronunciation
.Letter order hypothesis
.Consonant order hypothesis
What is phonological awareness
awareness of phonemes, and awareness and manip. of sounds, syllables, words, rhyme and onset and rimes.
-How the sounds of language relate to one another to form words meaning
-Sensitivity to sound structure within words
how can parents promote literacy acquisition
-Print-rich environment e.g. Stories, Poetry, Directions
-Book sharing e.g. Consider the choice of book – content and length
-Phonological awareness activities e.g. Songs, Poems, Alliterative games
-Symbolic play experiences
What are the 5 stages of literacy development with examples for each
- Emergent literacy: sing ABC’s
- Alphabetic fluency: see relationships bwn letters and sounds
- Words and patterns: read silently w/out vocalising
- Intermediate reading: read to acquire ideas and gain knowledge
- Advanced reading: comprehend longer texts
Provide current methods for teaching reading
-exposure to different text structures and vocab.: newspapers, magazines, biographies, textbooks =
-Reading Fluency: slowly improves with increased word accuracy, naming, working memory and comprehension
Define registers and style switching
styles of speech. Are socially
conditioned
-choices in syntactic complexity,
word choice, phonological form, clarity, speed of speech
-style switches according to social distance, context and listener feedback. They are listener orientated
