Speech sound development WK 5 Flashcards
Why is sound important
form words used within language, put together to form sentences to convey our complex ideas.
-relate to literacy – letter/s (graphemes) represent sounds
Describe the respiratory system and it’s part in speech production
-diaphragm contracts and enlarges lungs, expanding rib cage. Air drawn in via pressure, filling bronchus, leading to bronchiole and alveoli.
-Air pushed out and up trachea through power of lungs, diaphragm and related muscles
What is the larynx. Describe laryngeal system and it’s role in speech production
-larynx=voice box. boney structure housing vocal folds
-vocal folds match mucous mem. stretched horizontally across larynx.
-glottis=space between folds
-brought together (adducted), air pressure builds up
-folds energised by air from lungs, vibrate/phonate.
-creates sound wave
-controlled by vagus nerve
-epiglottis covers larynx to prevent food entering the lungs when swallowing
Describe super-laryngeal system and it’s role in speech production
-sound wave travel up ‘vocal tract’ through pharynx, out through nose and mouth.
-then resonates/made greater depending on shape of tract, giving different sound quality to sound wave.
-make different sounds by moving lips, tongue, soft palate.
-move tongue around; teeth, alveolar ridge, hard palate and soft palate.
Differ between making consonant sounds and vowels
consonant: constrict flow of air in super-laryngeal phase. -Using lips, teeth, tongue, velum or pharynx
vowel: move tongue to different places in mouth, air flows freely – no constrictions.
how many letters are in the alphabet? how sounds in english?
26 letters in alphabet but 44 sounds in English
Why are there multiple ways of spelling any given sound?
-Letters pronounced by different sounds e.g.
./i/ in - light, lit,
-Some sounds associated with different letters e.g.
./or/ in - core, law, cause
./v/ in - Dove, of
-Sometimes two letters give one sound e.g.
.thin, photo, chin, pick
-Sometimes one letter = 2 sounds e.g.
.Flex = flecks
.Qantas = /kw/
-Letters can be silent e.g. Psychology, Doubt
-Letters cannot represent some sounds e.g.
Cute, argue (where is y sound?)
do look cover write check of consonants in IPA then vowels of IPA
….
what are diphthongs
two vowels
/eɪ/ day, main, feint, fete
/aɪ/ fight, kite, pie
/ɔɪ/ toy, pointw
/aʊ/ about, house, cow
/oʊ/ bow, sew, dough
/ɪə/ ear, beer, here
/eə/ there, flare, care
define consonants. what are their classifications
produced with restricted vocal tract, classified according to:
-Place, Manner, Voicing
define vowels. Specify the types of tongue height and movement
relatively unobstructed vocal tract, fold vibration combined with tongue movement
-Tongue height: high, mid, low
-Tongue advancement: front, central or back
What is place of articulation? What are its types
Where the articulators are constricted to produce the sound
-Bilabial/labial
-Labiodental
-Interdental/lingua-dental
-Alveolar or lingua-alveolar
-Palatal or lingua-palatal
-Velar
-Glottal
Where are bilabial/labial articulators? What are it’s consonants?
produced with closed lips (p, b, m, w)
Where are labiodental articulators? What are it’s consonants?
lower lip resting against upper teeth (f, v)
Where are interdental/lingua-dental articulators? What are it’s consonants?
tongue between teeth (ɵ,ð=th)
