Wk 1. Coronary angiography Flashcards
what are 10 indications for having a coronary angiography?
- Positive stress test
- To examine CAD
- Chronic angina
- Ventricular dysfunction on ECG
- Pre CABG
- Irregular ECG indicating possible stenosis
- Breathlessness on exertion
- Abnormal ST segment on ECG
- Calcification/Plaques
- Spasms
What are 6 contra-indications for having a coronary angio?
- Sensitivity to contrast
- Active bleeding
- Severe anaemia
- Active infection
- Renal Failure
- Pregnancy
Give an overview of the 6 steps of patient prep for a coronary angio
- NBM 12 hrs prior
- drink clear fluid only
- puncture site needs to be cleaned
- Appropriate attire
- No deodorants etc.
- Pre-op CXR if needed
Give an overview of the 8 steps of patient post care for a coronary angio
- remove catheter
- fem stop on puncture site
- observe patient for contrast reaction
- Patient not to laugh
(increases pressure) - Clean puncture site
- Keep drinking clear fluids –> give patient cup
- PAtient given contact number
- Kept in coronary care for at least 4 hrs
What is the contraction of the heart called
Systole
What is the relaxation of the heart called
Diastole
what is a normal systole reading range
90-120
what is a normal diastole reading range
60-90
what is the normal blood flow of the heart? 7 steps
- Blood from SVC and IVC into R atrium
- R ventricle moves into diastole, the tricuspid valve opens and blood flow into the R ventricle
- R ventricle goes into systole, the tricuspid valve closes with the pulmonary valve opening
- Blood flows into the lungs to be oxygenated
- Blood then flows into the pulmonary veins and into the left Atrium
- Left ventricle is in diastole, the mitral valve opens and blood flows into the left ventricle
- Left Ventricle then moves into Systole and the mitral valve closes and the aortic valve opens and blood exits the heart and into the peripheral system of the body
What is a sinus rhythm?
regular rhythm set by the SA node (60-70 beats per minute)
How do we get the cardiac sinus trace?
Both atriums contract and then both ventricles contract and then both ventricles relax
What is the PR interval
atrial depolarisation
What is the S wave
time for ventricular contraction
What is QRS wave
ventricular depolarisation
What is the ST wave
period of repolarisation