Wine Faults

Question 1

What odor does sulfur dioxide give off in high concentration(wine has some)?

Answer 1

bunt matches- this is in direct relation to wines ph level. The more acidic the wine the higher the sulfur smell

Question 2

What odor does hydrogen sulfide give off?

Answer 2

rotten eggs

Question 3

What odor does mercaptan give off?

Answer 3

garlic or onions

Question 4

Typical bacteria related off odors include:

Answer 4

Acetic acid- odor of vinegar
Butyric acid- rancid butter or spoiled cheese
Lactic Acid- sauerkraut or goat
Ethyl acetate (ascensence) -nail polish or glue
Geranium- odor like geranium leaves

Question 5

Know phenolic compounds- occur in wines and affect the sensory profile of wines

Answer 5

Anthocyanins- gives red wine its color. the more acidic and more Anthocyanins the redder in color
Flavonols- yellow pigments in white wine-grapes from sunnier climates are more golden
Tannins- found in grape skin,seeds,stems, oaks, wood
Vanillin- imparts a vanilla flavor- found in wood/oak
Resveratrol-provides health benefits

Question 6

Other Components:

Answer 6

Aldehydes-oxidized alcohol when exposed to air. Some wines like Sherry and MAdiera use this technique.
Esters- represent largest group of odiferous compounds.(Ethyl acetate is most common ester- at low concentration0 fruity, flowery, high concentrations- nail polish/varnish

Question 7

What are sulfites?

Answer 7

Class of chemicals used to keep wine stable after fermentation-