South America Flashcards
Argentina is the worlds 5th largest wine producer
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Andes Mountains create a rain shadow effect- which makes Argentina very dry!
Zonda winds can cause damage to the vines in the winter
Mendoza Hail is a big risk during harvest
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Argentinian grapes are:
red: malbec, cab, syrah, bonarda
whites: Pedro Gimenez,moscatel, torrentes,chardonnay
Top wine regions of Argentina: Mendoza, San Juan, Salta
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Important Mendoza sub regions - Lujan de Cuyo-DOC
San Rafael-DOC
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The Andes separates Chile (west) and Argentina (east)
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What is the most widely grown grapes in Chile?
whites- chardonnay, chenin blanc
reds- cab sauv dominates!,merlot, carmenre (chile’s trademark grape), syrah
What are “Pais grapes”
Mission or pink grapes used for bulk wine
DO Chile labeling must be 75%- SIMPLE- if importing to EU must be 85%
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Which 2 wine regions in Chile make the most/best wine?
Aconcagua (specializes in whites)and Central (reds)
What is the Humbolt currant?
cools Chile down
What are Valle Central subregions?
Maipo, Rappel, Curico, Maule
Australia grows most of it’s grapes in the south east area…..otherwise it is too hot!
It’s #7 wine producer in the world. Largest wine exporter for New World countries.
The Great Dividing Range is a mountain range in southern Australia (New South Wales)
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What are the most widely grown grapes in Australia?
Shiraz, Cab, Merlot
Chardonnay, Sauv Blanc
Australian labeling laws? For grape variety
Must be 85%- in line with EU standard- GI’s (Geographical Indications like AVAs)
What are the main growing regions in New South Wales Australia?
Hunter Valley- Semillion
Mudgee, Orange, Cowra- cab and merlot
Victoria Australia-cool and along coast
Yarra Valley- Pinot Noir/Chardonnay- cool climate wines thrive
Tasmania island
cool/windy
grows chardonnay and pinot
Piper’s River- notable sub-region
More than 1/2 of Australian wines are grown in South Australia
Big companies are based here- limestone coast
notable sub region: Barosa produces Shiraz, Eden Valley- Riesling, Clare Valley- Riesling
Western Australia
cooled by Fremantle Doctor- Margaret River
What mountain range creates rain shadows in New Zealand and warms area?
Southern Alps- makes South island very dry
What are the main red and white grapes of New Zealand?
Sauv Blanc and Pinot Noir
New Zealand Grapes must be 75% and 85% is exporting to EU
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New Zealand is divided into the North Island and South Island
Southern Alps in South Islands- creates rain shadow- makes Otego dry!
North Island is warmer- name grapes and main regions that grow them
Gisborne-Chardonnay
Hawke’s Bay- red blends (cab and merlot)
South Island is New Zealand is cooler- name grapes and regions that grow them.
Marlborough- Sauv Blanc
Otago- Pinot Noir
Most wines grown in the southern tip of South Africa
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What is the Benguela current in South Africa?
Like the Margaret River in Australia, water current from Antartica cools the area
What are the Cape Doctor breezes in South Africa?
Cools South Africa
What are the most grown South African grapes?
Whites- Chenin Blanc (also called Steen)
Reds- Cab Sauv
What is Pinotage?
A cross between Pinot Noir and Cinsault
What is a Cape Blend?
Mandatory 30-70% Pinotage
What is Cap Classique?
South Africa’s term for Method Tradionalle Sparkling wine (Grahm Beck)
South African Labelling- must be 85%
For appellation it’s 100%
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What is South Africa’s wine labeling?
WO or Wine of Origin System introduced in 1973. Defines areas from smallest to largest ( wards, regions, Geographical units)
Argentina wine tiers: IP (table wines, IG (quality wines, DOC (highest level
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The 5 main wine region of Chile are: Atacama, Coquimbo, Aconcagua, Central Valley, and Atacama region.
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The major wine regions of Australia are : Western Australia (Margaret River ..known for Chardonnays), Southern Australia (Barossa Valley…known for Shiraz), New South Wales (Hunter Valley….known for Semillion), Victoria, and Tasmania (Chard, Pinot and Sparkling )
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In Argentina, the Criolla & Cereza (Mission) grapes are pink grapes used in bulk wine and brandy
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Argentina’s top growing regions are: Mendoza (over 70%)and San Juan
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What is the Humboldt currant?
The Humboldt Current is a current of cold Antarctic water which is brought to the surface by air currents. These air currents move across the surface of the water northward from the coast of Chile
