Winchester questions Flashcards
What and where is the Ganges?
River in India.
What and where is the Prime Meridian.
Line of 0 degree longitude. Runs though Greenwich in London.
Whats and where is the Sahara?
Large desert in North Africa.
What country is Lagos the capital of?
Nigeria.
Where is Snowdonia?
North west Wales.
What country is Islamabad in?
Pakistan.
Where is Seattle?
Washington State US, North West coast.
What is lava?
Molten rock.
How do you define an active volcano?
Still active and erupt frequently.
How do you define an dormant volcano?
Dormant (temporarily inactive but not fully extinct).
How do you define an extinct volcano?
Extinct (never likely to erupt again).
What hazards do lava flows present?
Lava is molten rock that flows out of a volcano or volcanic vent.
Depending on its composition and temperature, lava can be very fluid or very sticky (viscous).
Fluid flows are hotter and move the fastest; they can form streams or rivers, or spread out across the landscape in lobes.
Viscous flows are cooler and travel shorter distances, and can sometimes build up into lava domes or plugs; collapses of flow fronts or domes can form pyroclastic density currents.
Most lava flows can be easily avoided by a person on foot, since they don’t move much faster than walking speed, but a lava flow usually cannot be stopped or diverted.
Because lava flows are extremely hot - between 1,000-2,000°C (1,800 - 3,600° F) - they can cause severe burns and often burn down vegetation and structures.
Lava flowing from a vent also creates enormous amounts of pressure, which can crush or bury whatever survives being burned.
How do transport and deposition combine to form a spit?
Spits are also created by deposition. A spit is an extended stretch of beach material that projects out to sea and is joined to the mainland at one end.
Spits are formed where the prevailing wind blows at an angle to the coastline, resulting in longshore drift.
An example of a spit is Spurn Head, found along the Holderness coast in Humberside.
ongshore drift moves material along the coastline.
A spit forms when the material is deposited.
Over time, the spit grows and develops a hook if wind direction changes further out.
Waves cannot get past a spit, which creates a sheltered area where silt is deposited and mud flats or salt marshes form.
Explain the function of a sea wall.
A seawall (or sea wall) is a form of coastal defense constructed where the sea, and associated coastal processes, impact directly upon the landforms of the coast.
The purpose of a sea wall is to protect areas of human habitation, conservation and leisure activities from the action of tides, waves, or tsunamis.
Explain the function of a groyne?
A groyne is a rigid hydraulic structure built from an ocean shore (in coastal engineering) or from a bank (in rivers) that interrupts water flow and limits the movement of sediment.
It is usually made out of wood, concrete or stone.
