Why was NEP introduced?

Question 1

War Communism had created terrible conditions in towns and cities. What did this mean for workers?

Answer 1

A number of workers left cities looking for work in villages or joined the Red Army.
Jan 1917 - Jan 1919: Russia’s urban proletariat declined from 3.6million to 1.4 million.

Question 2

Food and fuel were so short that many succumbed to disease. How many?

Answer 2

Estimated 5 million died during the Civil War from starvation and disease

Question 3

By 1921 how much had industrial output fallen?

Answer 3

Had fallen to 20% of its pre-war levels and rations had to be cut

Question 4

Why had grain supplies been reduced to dangerous levels?

Answer 4

Due to the combination of requisitioning and the attacks on kulaks.

Question 5

What rebellions played a part in the introduction of NEP?

Answer 5

Tambov Revolt 1920-21

Krondstadt Rising 1921

Question 6

Who did the ‘Workers Opposition’ strongly oppose?

Answer 6

Those who wished to continue and intensify War Communism such as Trotsky

Question 7

Why was the NEP needed?

Answer 7

A new direction was needed to ensure the government’s survival.