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Английский > why nations fail > Flashcards

why nations fail Flashcards

1
Q

Dire poverty

A

ужасный, terrible, dismal, abject (ˈdaɪər)

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2
Q

Death, taxes, and the laws of physics are immutable

This decision should not be seen as immutable

A

unchangeable, rigid, permanent, entrenched (ɪnˈtrentʃ), abiding (əˈbaɪdɪŋ) (ɪˈmjuːtəbl)

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3
Q

coerce the population into

A

заставлять, принуждать, force

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4
Q

till the soil

A

возделывать

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5
Q

plunder

A

воровство, грабить, разорять

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6
Q

subdue opposition

A

suppress, extinguish,подавлять, починять

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7
Q

pernicious influence of the mass media

A

devastating, nefarious, разрушительный, разорительный

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8
Q

Disparate

A

несравнимый, несоизмеримый

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9
Q

Hazard to say

A

отважиться сказать

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10
Q

Descendant

A

потомок

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11
Q

Germ

A

микроб

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12
Q

government ineptitude

A

неумение, непригодность

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13
Q

Public amenities

A

удовольствия, удобства

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14
Q

tormentor

A

мучитель

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15
Q

consent to smth

A

соглашаться, давать разрешение на, assent to

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16
Q

Inimical to

A

adverse, hostile

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17
Q

this may jeopardize investments

A

threaten, подвергать опасности

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18
Q

deficient

A

недостаточный, не отвечающий требованиям, flawed

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19
Q

vanquish

A

subdue, conquer, surmount

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20
Q

intrepid explorer

A

fearless

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21
Q

subsistence (level)

A

существование, the state of having just enough money or food to stay alive

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22
Q

onerous duty/task

A

burdensome, arduous, cumbersome, тягостный, обременительный

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23
Q

abolish

A

abrogate, repeal, rescind

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24
Q

retinue

A

свита, эскорт

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25
Q

decease

A

гибель, смерть

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26
Q

concur with smb in smth

A

to agree, relent, acquiesce (ˌækwiˈes) (kənˈkɜːr)

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27
Q

perilous adventure

A

hazardous, very dangerous

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28
Q

lust for power/her

A

вожделение, страсть

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29
Q

lay a trap

A

установить ловушку

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30
Q

What transpired next

A

happen, reveal

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31
Q

succumb to despair

A

поддаться чему-то, стать жертвой чего-то

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32
Q

besiege

A

осаждать

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33
Q

abrogate a law

A

abolish, repeal

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34
Q

secession from a union

A

выход из союза

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35
Q

incumbent

A

official, лицо, занимающее какую-то должность,

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36
Q

entreat to do smth

A

beg, beseech, exhort, supplicate

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37
Q

she pleaded with him not to

A

beg, entreat, beseech, supplicate

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38
Q

plead

A

защищать подсудимого

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39
Q

cajole smb into

A

упрашивать, склонять лестью, entice

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40
Q

depose

A

overthrow, сместить с должности

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41
Q

disgruntle

A

annoy, displease

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42
Q

crony

A

закадычный друг

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43
Q

coercion

A

принуждение, насилие

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44
Q

dismantle

A

разбирать по частям

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45
Q

rage

A

ярость, гнев, ire (ˈaɪər), wrath (ræθ)

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46
Q

usurp

A

узурпировать

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47
Q

formidable obstacle, opponent

A

dangerous, intimidating, menacing вызывающий опасения, грозный, пугающий

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48
Q

stem from

A

derive from

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49
Q

opinions diverge greatly (from)

A

differ

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50
Q

abortive attempt

A

неудачный, futile, idle

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51
Q

fierce competition

A

ferocious (fəˈrəʊʃəs), cruel, ruthless, savage, aggressive or violent (fɪrs)

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52
Q

fudge

A

чушь, выдумка, подделывать, фальсифицировать

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53
Q

concede

A

surrender, give up, relinquish, to admit that something is true, logical

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54
Q

the country was mired in instability/recession

A

завязнуть (в болоте)

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55
Q

resort to

A

прибегать к чему-то

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56
Q

to render something harmless/useless/ineffective

A

make, приводить в какое-то состояние

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57
Q

rout

A

debacle, отступление, бегство, разгром

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58
Q

akin to

A

similar to

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59
Q

elude all but

A

avoid, escape

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60
Q

malfeasance

A

преступление, совершенное официальным лицом

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61
Q

inculcate propaganda, ideas in smb

inculcate a sense of responsibility in somebody

A

instil, impart, imbue, engender (ɪnˈdʒendər) внушить (ɪnˈkʌlkeɪt)

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62
Q

lamentable quality

A

calamitous, dire

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63
Q

augment power, income

A

increase

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64
Q

аlas

A

увы

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65
Q

spurious impression, argument

A

false

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66
Q

venerable old man

A

многоуважаемый, почтенный

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67
Q

advent of new technology

A

the coming of an important event, person, invention

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68
Q

abject poverty, failure

A

dire, dismal

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69
Q

grapple with famine, air pollution

A

contend with, handle, tackle a problem, fight with,

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70
Q

wedge between the affluent and the impecunious

A

penniless, poor, impoverished (ɪmˈpɑːvərɪʃt), destitute (ˈdestɪtuːt) (ˌɪmpɪˈkjuːniəs)

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71
Q

stunt possibilities

A

squelch (skweltʃ), impede, hamper, hinder, stifle (ˈstaɪfl), thwart (θwɔːrt), curb, inhibit (ˈhɑːbl), cramp (kræmp)

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72
Q

mutiny

A

riot, revolt, insurrection

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73
Q

espouse democratic principles

A

embrace, uphold a belief, policy

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74
Q

whiff of smth (profit, danger)

A

a mere amount, дуновение

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75
Q

sprinkling of smth

A

a small amount of a substance that is dropped somewhere

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76
Q

sparsely settled

A

редко населенный

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77
Q

renege on promise/deal/contract

A

break

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78
Q

eagerly adopted

A

passionate, fervently (ˈfɜːrvənt), fervidly (ˈfɜːrvɪd), fiercely (fɪrs), ardently (ˈɑːrdnt), earnestly (ˈɜːrnɪst), zealously (ˈzeləs) vehemently (ˈviːəmənt)

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79
Q

sordid details, conditions

A

nasty, грязные, низменные

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80
Q

vigorous contender

A

active, сильный, энергичный соперник

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81
Q

Supposedly

A

согласно общему мнению

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82
Q

counterpart

A

дубликат, человек на той же должности

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83
Q

relinquish power

A

give smth up, cede, abdicate, surender

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84
Q

dither over something

A

hesitate, falter (ˈfɔːltər), wobble on (ˈwɑːbl), waver on/about/between (ˈweɪvər), demur at (dɪˈmɜːr), vacillate between (ˈvæsəleɪt), scruple about (ˈskruːpl) (ˈdɪðər)

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85
Q

under the auspices of

A

протекция, покровительство

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86
Q

tenant

A

владелец, арендатор

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87
Q

languish

A

dwindle, wither, слабеть, терять силы, unravel

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88
Q

anxiety to

A

страстное желание чего-то, lust for

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89
Q

anxiety

A

nervousness, беспокойство

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90
Q

profligate

A

распутный, развратный

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91
Q

confine

A

граница, constrain, restrain, hinder, restrict

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92
Q

delve into past, history

A

to try hard to find out more information

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93
Q

impede growth

A

hinder, hamper

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94
Q

hamper growth

A

impede, hinder

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95
Q

mounting poverty, concern, tension

A

increasing

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96
Q

artisans

A

Ремесленник, мелкий производитель

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97
Q

ire

A

гнев, rage, wrath (ræθ) (ˈaɪər)

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98
Q

disrupt

A

разрушать, подрывать

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99
Q

incidence

A

сфера действия

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100
Q

impeccable manners, logic

A

unblemished, immaculate, безупречный, flawless

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101
Q

appalling evil

A

dreadful, ужасающее зло

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102
Q

infallible

A

flawless, безошибочный, impeccable

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103
Q

dwindle from to

A

abate, decline, decrease

104
Q

perish

A

succumb, гибнуть, crumble

105
Q

encroach on freedom, privacy

A

вторгаться, intrude on, infringe on, impinge on

106
Q

We don’t use gimmicks to sell our products

The promise of lower taxation was an election gimmick

A

stratagem (ˈstrætədʒəm), contrivance (kənˈtraɪvəns), ploy (plɔɪ), scheme (skiːm), plot, trick (ˈɡɪmɪk)

107
Q

pertains to situations where

A

to be appropriate

108
Q

deception

A

fraud, deceit

109
Q

The emergency call turned out to be a hoax

He hoaxed us by sending a friend instead of coming himself

A

deception, prank, ruse (ruːz), dupe (duːp); deceive, dupe (duːp) (həʊks)

110
Q

egregious behaviour, error

A

extremely bad, nefarious, atrocious

111
Q

gruesome conditions, murder

A

appalling, horrific, terrifying, отвратительный

112
Q

savagely exploited

A

варварски, жесткого использовали

113
Q

endow smth

A

bestow, empower, спонсировать, обеспечивать доходом

114
Q

portent of

A

omen, знамение, harbinger

115
Q

unavailing

A

barren, idle, fruitless

116
Q

impending danger/disaster

A

надвигающаяся, imminent, looming

117
Q

impel the engines of prosperity

A

приводить в движение

118
Q

The battle had reached a crucial juncture

At this juncture, we must decide whether to go ahead with war or to try to solve things diplomatically

A

critical point, crossroads, landmark, turning point, watershed, milestone (ˈdʒʌŋktʃər)

119
Q

vicious circle

A

порочный, злой, nefarious, atrocious

120
Q

hinge on

A

depend on smth completely

121
Q

anvil

A

наковальня

122
Q

vie with smb for smth

A

to compete

123
Q

embolden smb to do smth

A

encourage, spur, inspire

124
Q

Against all the odds

A

не смотря ни на что

125
Q

meagre incentives

A

insignificant, paltry (ˈpɔːltri), derisory (dɪˈraɪsəri), negligible(ˈneɡlɪdʒəbl), scant (skænt), mere (mɪr) (ˈmiːɡər)
small in quantity and poor in quality

126
Q

We strode across the field

A

to walk with long steps in a particular direction

127
Q

differences amplified

A

increase something in strength, especially sound

128
Q

a modicum of progress, control

A

mere amount

129
Q

susceptible to challenge

A

very likely to be affected by something

130
Q

thwart somebody’s plans

A

to prevent, circumvent (расстаивать планы), foil

131
Q

growth spurt

A

a sudden increase in speed, effort for a short period of time

132
Q

consequences were calamitous

A

disastrous, pernicious, lamentable, devastating

133
Q

banish to Siberia

A

ссылать

134
Q

fiat

A

декрет

135
Q

inception

A

the start of an institution, an organization

136
Q

reminiscent of

A

reminding of smth

137
Q

in/during the reign of Charles II

A

правление

138
Q

basking in the warm sunshine

A

sunbathe, relax, enjoy

139
Q

herding

A

скотоводство

140
Q

compelling piece of evidence

A

strong, fascinating

141
Q

compelling need/desire

A

so strong that you must do something about it

142
Q

preponderance

A

prevalence (ˈprevələns) (prɪˈpɑːndərəns)

143
Q

auspicious start, meeting

144
Q

unravel the mystery, system

A

раскрыть, распутать, languish

145
Q

deface

A

demolish, destroy

146
Q

breakneck pace of economic growth

A

extremely fast

147
Q

fortuitous combination of circumstances

A

fortunate, odd, arbitrary

148
Q

amend rules

A

improve (о законе, правилах)

149
Q

on the brink of

A

on the edge of, about to

150
Q

pit someone against others

A

стравливать

151
Q

massive influx of visitors/wealth

152
Q

to thank the Lord for his bounty

the bounties of nature

A

generous actions, abundance, copiousness; reward (ˈbaʊnti)

153
Q

incessant war

A

ceaseless (ˈsiːsləs), infinite (ˈɪnfɪnət), eternal (ɪˈtɜːrnl), interminable (ɪnˈtɜːrmɪnəbl), constant, endless (ɪnˈsesnt)

154
Q

ferocious enemy, storm, attak

A

cruel, fierce (fɪrs), ruthless, savage, aggressive or violent

155
Q

flood/quake/war ravaged country

A

damage, havoc, devastate

156
Q

mutilate

A

калечить

157
Q

claimant to the throne

A

пертендент, получающий пособие

158
Q

staunch the flow of blood/illigal import

A

to stop the flow of something, especially blood

159
Q

precipitate economic decline

A

accelerate, expedite, trigger

160
Q

this precipitated the country into war

A

suddenly force somebody/something into a particular state or condition

161
Q

economy, courage is beginning to falter

A

to become weaker or less effective; hesitate, wobble on (ˈwɑːbl), waver on/about/between (ˈweɪvər), demur at (dɪˈmɜːr), dither over (ˈdɪðər), vacillate between (ˈvæsəleɪt), scruple about (ˈskruːpl) (ˈfɔːltər)

162
Q

waver (between A and B) on/over

A

hesitate, falter (ˈfɔːltər), wobble on (ˈwɑːbl), demur at (dɪˈmɜːr), dither over (ˈdɪðər), vacillate between (ˈvæsəleɪt), scruple about (ˈskruːpl)

163
Q

contender

164
Q

insurrection

A

mutiny, riot, revolt

165
Q

aspire to a scientific career

A

стремиться к чему-то

166
Q

assent to

A

consent to, approve smth

167
Q

put/impose a levy on oil imports, levy fines

A

сбор, взимание налогов

168
Q

infringe a law (on a right)

A

Run afoul of, break, посягать на (impinge on, encroach on)

169
Q

deem smth valuable

170
Q

frantic attempts, struggle

A

furious, done quickly and with a lot of activity, but in a way that is not very well organized

171
Q

area, point of contention

A

dispute, раздор, struggle

172
Q

This impinges on my rights as an individual

He never allowed his work to impinge on his private life

A

Have a noticeable bad effect on smth/smb; encroach on (ɪnˈkrəʊtʃ), infringe on, intrude on, make inroads on, trespass on (ɪmˈpɪndʒ)

173
Q

locus

A

he exact place where something happens or which is thought to be the centre of something

174
Q

tamper with

A

interfere with, изменять без разрешения

175
Q

exempt form the ban, tax, exam

A

exclude, not affected by it, do not have to do it, pay it

176
Q

amass

A

accumulate

177
Q

strive for, against, to do

A

to try very hard to achieve something, endeavor, conted with

178
Q

the car was impounded by the police

A

confiscate, imprison, seize

179
Q

died a pauper

A

умер бедняком

180
Q

repeal

A

abolish, abrogate, rescind

181
Q

unveil

182
Q

hedge with restraints, doubt

A

surround or limit, fence

183
Q

perpetuate injustice, power

A

to make something such as a bad situation, a belief, etc. continue for a long time

184
Q

usher

A

швейцар, консьерж

185
Q

coffer

A

сундук, ящик

186
Q

insidious effects of pollution

A

spreading gradually or without being noticed, but causing serious harm

187
Q

circumscribe

A

restrict, limit freedom, rights, power

188
Q

ameliorate situation, problem, conditions

A

improve, alleviate, mitigate

189
Q

She was afraid lest she had revealed too much

A

как бы не

190
Q

public flogging

A

whip, chastise smb for smth (tʃæˈstaɪz), scourge (skɜːrdʒ);

flail (fleɪl), thrash (flɑːɡ)

191
Q

destitute

A

penniless, poor, impoverished (ɪmˈpɑːvərɪʃt), impecunious (ˌɪmpɪˈkjuːniəs) (ˈdestɪtuːt)

192
Q

They seem destitute of ordinary human feelings

A

lacking, deprived of (ˈdestɪtuːt)

193
Q

perfect specimen of absolutism

A

образец

194
Q

remit a fine, a prison sentence

A

cancel, exonerate, postpone

195
Q

subtle changes

A

едва различимый, not very noticeable or obvious, tenuous

196
Q

amalgamate into (with) British Empire

197
Q

discretion

A

свобода действий

198
Q

the children were left to fend for themselves

A

to take care of yourself without help from anyone else

199
Q

a long-running feud between the two artists over money

He has been feuding with his brother for years.

A

be engaged in a prolonged and bitter quarrel or dispute;

quarrel, bicker, squabble (fjuːd)

200
Q

stiff resistance

A

rigid, solid, stark

201
Q

vibrant

A

full of life and energy, active, vigorous

202
Q

decimate people, plants, animals, economic prospects

A

slaughter, wipe out, exterminate

203
Q

The storm wrought havoc, the century wrought major changes in our society

A

ushered in, caused something to happen (rɔːt)

204
Q

havoc

A

disruption, ravages, опустошение

205
Q

bear the brunt of

A

receive the main force of something unpleasant

206
Q

rigid

A

Stiff, hard, unbending; strict, rigorous

207
Q

sinister

A

зловещий

208
Q

They offered us a derisory £50 a week.

A

laughable, insignificant, paltry (ˈpɔːltri), meagre (ˈmiːɡər), negligible(ˈneɡlɪdʒəbl), scant (skænt), mere (mɪr) (dɪˈraɪsəri)

209
Q

evict from

A

выселять

210
Q

to little/no avail

A

безуспешно (выгода, польза)

211
Q

vest power in( something in somebody)

A

to give somebody the legal right or power to do something

212
Q

suffrage

A

право голоса

213
Q

derogation

A

пренебрежительное отношение, scorn, disparagement

214
Q

vestige of serfdom

A

остаток

215
Q

circumspect

A

cautious, бдительный, осторожный

216
Q

of little/no avail

217
Q

disguise somebody as somebody/something

A

маскировать, conceal, hide (dɪsˈɡaɪz)

218
Q

prey on

A

охотиться, использовать в корыстных целях

219
Q

encroachments on human rights

220
Q

wrath

A

extreme anger, rage, ire (ˈaɪər) (ræθ)

221
Q

aiding and abetting the crime, the robbers

A

instigate to do smth illegal

222
Q

jury acquitted him of murder

A

absolve. exonerate, оправдывать

223
Q

contend with economic fallout of the brexit

A

deal with a problem or with a difficult situation or person

224
Q

edifice

A

large impressive building

225
Q

cling to power, hope

A

держаться, adhere, grasp

226
Q

unscrupulous

A

unprincipled, dishonest, ruthless (ʌnˈskruːpjələs)

227
Q

intimidate smb into smth/into doing smth

A

frighten or threaten

228
Q

dilapidated

A

в упадке, разрушенный, decaying,

229
Q

a letter purportedly written by Mozart

A

supposedly

230
Q

vagrant

231
Q

The meeting is scheduled to commence at noon

A

to start happening

232
Q

upheaval, period of emotional upheaval

A

disruption, big change that causes a lot of confusion, worry and problems

233
Q

enticement

A

bait, inducement

234
Q

demise

A

collapse, end or failure of an institution, an idea, a company, death

235
Q

ruthless dictator

A

cruel, ferocious, merciless

236
Q

enshrine rights

A

to make a law, right, etc. respected or official

237
Q

racist ideas under the guise of nationalism

A

semblance (ˈsembləns), veneer (vəˈnɪr), pretence (ˈpriːtens), appearance (ɡaɪz) личина, маска

238
Q

herald a new era

A

be a sign that something is going to happen

239
Q

let’s look at another facet of the problem

A

a particular part or aspect of something

240
Q

precipitate something

A

accelerate, make smth bad happen suddenly or sooner

241
Q

mar smth

A

damage or spoil something good

242
Q

Insurgency

A

rebellion, mutiny, revolt

243
Q

ransom

A

выкуп

244
Q

repudiate a suggestion

A

to refuse to accept something, reject, dismiss, abjured

245
Q

perplex smb

A

puzzle, bewilder

246
Q

abhor cruelty, corruption

A

detest, loathe, hate

247
Q

conceivably

248
Q

calamitous famine

A

disastrous, devastating, pernicious, lamentable

249
Q

propitious time, circumstances

A

benign, auspicious, благоприятный, благосклонный (prəˈpɪʃəs)

250
Q

He had long coveted the chance to work with a famous musician

A

lust after, fancy smth, yearn for (jɜːrn), crave for

envy, begrudge (bɪˈɡrʌdʒ) (ˈkʌvət)

251
Q

rapacious

A

greedy, voratious

252
Q

hector somebody

A

bully, intimidate (ˈhektər)

253
Q

craven

A

coward, трус

254
Q

He was publicly flogged for breaking the law

She flogged her guitar to another student

A

lash (læʃ), whip, castigate for (ˈkæstɪɡeɪt), chastise for (tʃæˈstaɪz), lambaste (læmˈbeɪst), trounce; sell (flɑːɡ)

255
Q

payment will be remitted to you in full

A

send money

Английский (15 decks)

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