why might regeneration be needed

Question 1

what is deindustrialisation

Answer 1

the decline or reduction of industrial activity, particularly in manufacturing, within an economy

Question 2

characteristics of areas facing decline (IMD)

Answer 2

-income
-employment
-health
-education (skills, training)
-barriers to housing and services
-living environment
-crime

Question 3

three different scales driving the change in places (regeneration)

Answer 3

-local
-regional
-national

Question 4

effects of changes in places

Answer 4

-processes and actions can make some places socially and economically dynamic
-other places marginalised from wealth and opportunity
-creating inequalities

Question 5

example of spiral of decline`

Answer 5

-deindustrialisation
-reduced workforce
-unemployment
-outmigration, residential areas abandoned
-less money to spend, crime, closure of services (like bus)

Question 6

when does a spiral of decline occur

Answer 6

-when a sectoral change occurs in a region e.g. deindustrialisation in an urban area leading to the closure of factories or decline in primary sector of a rural area

Question 7

external factors influencing spiral of decline

Answer 7

-competition from abroad
-new technologies
-physical advantages/location

Question 8

internal factors influencing spiral of decline

Answer 8

-resource depletion
-mechanisation
-environmental degradation

Question 9

what’s urban decline

Answer 9

-the deterioration of the inner city caused by lack of investment and maintenance (closure of key industries)

Question 10

what’s urban deprivation

Answer 10

-standard of living below the majority in a particular society
-involves lack of access to resources and hardships like housing availability and affordability

Question 11

characteristics of urban decline

Answer 11

-poor quality housing
-reduced revenue for councils as consumer spending falls
-social characteristics of urban decay like high unemployment rates, crime rates and depopulation