why do people live next to active volcanoes

Question 1

minerals

Answer 1

• minerals: tin, silver gold, copper and diamonds found in volcanic rock
• magma rising from deep inside the earth contains a range of minerals
• rock cools, minerals are precipitated out at different locations due to movement of superheated water & gases
• results in large scale commercial mining and small scale local activities by individuals and groups
• active and dormant volcanoes have the same mineralisation = all rich sources of minerals

Question 2

geothermal energy

Answer 2

• heat energy from the earth
• not used directly as dangerous, unpredictable because of minerals it contains
• minerals could clog pipes, corrode metal components and poison water supply
• heat from underground steam is used to drive turbines and produce electricity or heat water supplies used provide households

Question 3

fertile soils

Answer 3

• volcanic rocks rich in minerals but only after weathered and broken down before forming rich soils
• areas of the richest soils: African Rift Valley, Mt Elgon (Uganda), The Naples specifically slopes of Mt Vesuvius (Italy)

Question 4

tourism

Answer 4

• seeing an erupting volcano
• around volcanoes: warm bathing lakes, hot springs, mud pools and steam vents and Geysers
• wild and barren volcanic landscapes to see what the early planet may have looked like
• creates jobs: shops, restaurants, hotels, national parks
• seasonal - skiing
• areas improvements with tourism: technology, easier access to internet, social media etc and transport (safer planes/ more variety)

Question 5

disadvantages of tourism

Answer 5

littering 
damage to wildlife/ volcanic attractions 
overcrowding 
noise pollution 
seasonal holidays

Question 6

examples of tourism - skiing in Italy

Answer 6

benefits: development, multiple effect, internationally known, nightlife, money
issues: soil erosion, urbanisation, pollution, overcrowding 13,000 people = avalanches, seasonal
solutions: warnings, barriers, max. no of tourists implemented, plant trees, septic tank for sewage