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WHO Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Number of cells on a peripheral blood manual differential count

A

200

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2
Q

Number of cells on a marrow aspirate manual differential count

A

500

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3
Q

Cells included in marrow aspirate differential

A

blasts, promonocytes, promyelocytes, myelocytes, metamyelocytes, bands, segmented neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, plasma cells, erythroid precursors, mast cells (megas are not included)

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4
Q

Core biopsy should be…

A

1.5 cm in length, at a right angle to cortical bone, ≥10 partially preserved intertrabecular areas

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5
Q

Cells included in blast count

A

myeloblasts, monoblasts, megakaryoblasts

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6
Q
A

Myeloblast

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7
Q
A
  1. Myeloblast
  2. Promyelocyte
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8
Q
A
  1. Promyelocyte
  2. Myelocyte
  3. Metamyelocyte
  4. Polychromatic erytoblast
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9
Q
A

Myelocyte

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10
Q
A
  1. Myelocyte
  2. PMN
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11
Q
A

Metamyelocyte

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12
Q
A

PMNs with toxic granulation

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13
Q
A
  1. Toxic granulation, cytoplasmic vacuoles, Dohle bodies
  2. Monocyte
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14
Q
A
  1. Proerythroblast
  2. Myeloblast
  3. Promyelocyte
  4. Metamyelocyte
  5. PMN
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15
Q
A
  1. Polychromatic erythroblast
  2. Orthochromic erythroblast
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16
Q
A
  1. Lymphocyte
  2. Orthochromatic erythroblast
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17
Q
A

PMN with peroxidase reaction

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18
Q
A

PMN with alkaline leukocyte phosphatase (ALP)

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19
Q
A

Hypersegmented (>/= 6) PMN

20
Q
A

Drumstick as an appendage with thin filament bridge to the nucleus (associated with X-chromosome)

21
Q
A

Very large PMN following chemotherapy

22
Q
A

PMN after prolonged (>8 hours) storage

23
Q
24
Q
25
Q
26
Q
A

Monocyte with esterase stain

27
Q
A

Phagocytic monocyte

28
Q
A

Neonatal lymphocyte

29
Q
A

Lymphocyte

30
Q
A

Osteoclast

32
Q
A

Fibroblasts

33
Q
A

Monoblast, promonocytes

34
Q
A

Megakaryoblast

35
Q

Monoblasts and promonocytes count in which leukemias?

A

Acute monoblastic leukemia

Acute monocytic leukemia

Acute myelomonocytic leukemia

36
Q

Monoblasts

A

NSE+

MPO+/-

May have pseudopod formation

Abundant cytoplasm

Round nucleus

Prominent nucleoli

37
Q

Promonocyte

A

NSE+

MPO+

Finely dispersed chromatin

Folded/grooved nucleus

Indistinct/absent nucleolus

Finely granulated cytoplasm

38
Q

Abnormal monocyte

A

Clumped chromatin

Variably indented, folded nucleus

Grey cytoplasm with more liliac granules

Absent/indistinct nucleoli

39
Q

Blast equivalents in:

  1. APL
  2. Pure eythroid leukemia
A
  1. Promyelocyte
  2. Proerythroblasts
40
Q

MPO

A

Myeloid differentiation

Absence doesn’t exclude (early myelo/mono-blasts may lack)

Often granular/Golgi staining

Monoblasts/promonocytes show fine, scattered granules

Negative in erythroid blasts, megakaryoblats, lymphoblasts

41
Q

Sudan Black

A

Parallels MPO staining, less specific

Occasional lymphoblastic leukemias show + (light grey granules rather than deeply black characteristis of myeloblasts)

42
Q

NSE

A
  1. α-napthyl butyrate (ANB)
  2. α-napthyl acetate (ANA)

Diffuse cytoplasmic activity in monoblasts and monocytes

Lymphoblasts mya have focal punctate activity with NSE

Negative in PMNs

Megakaryoblasts & erythroblasts may have some mulitfocal, punctate ANA+ but it is partially resistant to NaF inhibition (monocyte NSE is totally inhibited by NaF)

43
Q

CAE

A

naphthol-ASD-chloroacetate esterase

stains cells of neutrophil lineage and mast cells

negative in normal eos, may be + in neoplastic eos

44
Q

CAE + NSE

A

permits ID of monos and immature/mature PMNs simultaneously

myelomonocytic leukemias particularly express both

45
Q

PAS

A

+ in cytoplasm of leukemic proerythroblasts in erythroid leukemia (large globules)

46
Q

Ring Sideroblast

A

>/= 5 granules encircling >/= 1/3 nucleus

15% of cells in BM for RARS

Hematopathology (15 decks)

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