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History > White Chapel > Flashcards

White Chapel Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the H division?

A

The police force of Whitechapel

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2
Q

Name two features of the H division?

A

One would be beat constables who took patrolled planned routes around Whitechapel
One would be detectives (CID) who would try to solve reported crime
One would be policing Whitechapel

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3
Q

What is a rookery?

A

A slum house/area crowded with working class people

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4
Q

Name two features of a rookery?

A

One would be the poor living conditions. Most were overcrowded housing too many people.
One would be that they were unhygienic. No ventilation, so disease spread quick

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5
Q

What was a lodging house?

A

Temporary, cheap accommodation for the poor

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6
Q

Name two features of a lodging house?

A

One would be that you could rent a bed. This would be for 8 hours

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7
Q

What was a workhouse?

A

It was part of the poor relief system were the most vulnerable were provided with food and shelter while made to do manual labour

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8
Q

What were some social issues in Whitechapel?

A

Poverty
Housing
Employment
Immigration
Politics
Prostitution
Gangs
Alcoholism

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9
Q

What was a beat?

A

A route that beat constables would patrol for criminals or crime

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10
Q

Why did people turn to alcoholism?

A

Because it was an escape from the reality of their lives. Acohol was very accessible due to the many pubs and was cheap

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11
Q

What was a protection racket?

A

Where gangs demanded money to protect small businesses (from them)

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12
Q

Why did people resort to crime?

A

Due to poverty and unemployment

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13
Q

What was the peabody estate?

A

Slum clearance programme. Built 287 new flats with reasonable rent and good ventilation/ living conditions

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14
Q

What were sweated trades?

A

A workplace such as tailoring, shoe making, or match making were employees for long hours with little wages

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15
Q

Why didn’t people want to go live in the workhouse?

A

This is because conditions were bad due to wanting to keep costs low and were mostly full of disabled sick old and orphans.

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16
Q

What groups of people immigrated to whitechapel?

A

Irish for hope to see America after large famines
Jews to flee violence and abuse against them in eastern Europe (pogroms)

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17
Q

Why were jews disliked in whitechapel?

A

Due to due to their willingness to work for lower wages.
Due to their cultural differences and keeping to their own communities.

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18
Q

What was anarchism?

A

The disliking of the government and radical belief of the removal of it

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19
Q

What were barnardo’s homes?

A

Orphanages for children that would of been sent to the workhouse. Each cared for 85 kids. Nearly 100 of them

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20
Q

Who were fenians?

A

Irish nationalists that did not like the english

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21
Q

What were the MET?

A

Metropolitan police ran by, sir robert peel. Policed whole of London

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22
Q

What were attitudes towards the MET?

A

Werent trusted by the working class, so little help was given in solving crime
Heavy criticism from the media as they lacked control

23
Q

Why did women resort to prostitution?

A

As it was hard to find work, so worked in brothels

24
Q

How many prostitutes were there by 1888?

A

1200

25
Q

What did prostitution lead to?

A

High levels or abortion
High levels of STIs
Domestic violence
Assault
Murder
Rape

26
Q

What did alcoholism lead to?

A

More crime in violence, assault

27
Q

What were some techniques the police used?

A

Careful observation
Photographs and sketches
Autopsy
Following up clues
Interviews
Identifying suspects
Bertillion system
Bloodhounds

28
Q

What were blood hounds?

A

Dogs used to find clues at murder scenes by using scents

29
Q

What was the bertillion system?

A

A way of identifying criminals by measuring their profile using photography and storing records

30
Q

What was an autopsy?

A

When the victim’s body is looked at to find clues on how they were killed

31
Q

What was the whitechapel environment like?

A

Overcrowded, narrow streets, dark, foggy, unfamiliar areas, rookeries

32
Q

What was the casual ward?

A

Part of the workhouse were people could work (pick fibres off old rope) in return for a bed for the night

33
Q

How many doss houses were on flower and dean street?

A

31 doss houses housing 902 lodgers

34
Q

What were effects of unemployment and poverty?

A

Prostitution
Crime
Alcohol

35
Q

What were the names of Jack the rippers victims?

A

Mary ann
Annie chapman
Elizabeth stride
Catherine edowes
Mary jane kelly

36
Q

What was the whitechapel vigilance committee?

A

Group of local people frustrated over the police lack of progress on JTR.
Hired 2 private detectives to gain own evidence
Patrolled streets

37
Q

Why were the whitechapel vigilance committee a hindrance to the police?

A

As they found made-up leads on JTR and ultimately got in the polices way

38
Q

Why were the press a hindrance to the police?

A

As they would atler the truth (exaggerate) to appeal to the public
This would lead to rumours and misinformation, making the police be seen as incompetent
E.g ripper letters

39
Q

Why were there tensions in WhiteChapel?

A

Due to the mixing of different ethnicities
Irish, jews, anarchists, socialists

40
Q

Why were Eastern European and Irish immigrations not liked?

A

They would take lower paying jobs in sweat trades, which meant strikes could not happen to rise wages

41
Q

Where did gang culture come from?

A

Eastern European immigrants

42
Q

Two features of the H Division?

A

Policed area of Whitechapel. For example, were in charge of JTR case.
Two roles within. CID was detectives that try to solve crime. Beat constables went on beats to try to prevent crime

43
Q

Two features of sweated trades?

A

Poor working conditions. Low wages, hazardous work, and long hours of labour.
Variety of services. Such as tailoring and shoemaking.

44
Q

What was the social democratic federation? 1881

A

Group of agricultural and industrial labourers and women who wanted a socialist system

45
Q

What was bloody sunday 1887?

A

Socialists gathered to protest about unemployment and new laws. Police used harsh force, injuring many making the day known as bloody sunday. Were heavily criticised. Trafalgar Square

46
Q

Who was Charles Warren?

A

Commissioner of MET

47
Q

What improvements were made to the police?

A

Communication, technique,environment

48
Q

What is careful observation?

A

When constables would clear the area and wait for inspectors to investigate the scene of crime taking notes and clues

49
Q

Conditions of flower and dean street?

A

902 lodgers in 31 doss houses
Houses old and run down
High turnover of residents
Poor hygiene
Overcrowded

50
Q

Who was H Division rivalry?

A

Whitechapel vigilance committee
City of London police

51
Q

Improvement in communication?

A

Telephone made by 1901
Bicycles 1909

52
Q

Improvement in environment?

A

Correlation made between an increase in crime and poor piving conditions so introduced the house of working class act 1890

53
Q

What was the houses of working act in 1890?

A

Local coucil could clear slums and build houses for working class

History (8 decks)

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