Crime & Punishment Medieval Time Flashcards
Changes in norman england?
Trial by combat
Murdum law
Forest laws
How did normans establish power and control?
Murdum law
Harrying of the north
Fedual system
Building castles
Increase capital punishment
Why did normans establish power and control?
As they were a minority and faced challenges of rebellions
Continity in norman england?
Hue and cry
Wergilds
Capital punishment (more)
Trial by ordeal
Trials by ordeal?
Seee if they are guilty in eyes of god
Cold water
Hot iron
Bread
Crimes in norman england?
Poaching
Stealing
Vagabond
Crimes against property, person authority
Slander
Repeat offences
Factors that affected change or continuity?
Wealth & poverty
Individuals & groups
Religion
Urbanisation
Travel & technology
Attitudes & values
Government & lawmakers
The media
MD Crimes?
Against person, property or authority
MD Who were the lawmakers?
King and nobility
MD What influenced the law?
Religion and church
MD Who enforced the law?
Communities
MD What were trends?
Increase the use of capital punishment
Increase the power and influence of the king (centralised)
Expansion of role of the church
MD Taking oaths?
Swore in front of others for your innocence
Couldn’t be done if repeat offender
What was a wergild?
Compensation fine
What was maiming?
Physical harm
What was the Harrying of the north?
Normans killed and destroyed the north as they resisted invasion.
Destroyed farmland, so starvation
Why? To act as a deterrence for rebellion as they showed power & dominance (centralised)
What was building castles?
To establish control as in high spots, so could watch communities.
Defensive as normans were minority
What was the fedual system?
Establishing control by giving protection to subordinates for their services.
King -> nobles -> knights -> serfs
King owned all land and distributed it
What was the murdum law?
If norman was murdered, anglo saxons have to pay fine (wergild)
Could be liable for capital punishment if person found
Deterrence
What was the Hue & Cry?
Witness would rise a hue & and cry, and others would try and chase/capture suspect
What was the assize of clarendon 1166?
Reorganised courts
Introduced prisons for suspect to await trial
MD Changes in law?
The statue of labourers - crime to ask for higher wages
The symptuary laws - crime to wear extravagant clothes not suited to your class
Consequence? Lack of social mobility
MD Change in crime? (Church)
Heresy. This meant going against the chruch
MD Changes in policing?
Parish constables
Justices of peace
Sherriff
Coroner
What was a parish constable?
An unpaid man who was keep order in inns, keep peace in the parish and watch out for Vagabonds.
What was a coroner?
A royal official who would investigate suspicious deaths
What was the justice of the peace?
A noble or knight who would meet 4 times a year to enforce law
Centralised power
What was a sheriff?
Someone who would report to the king
In charge of a county
MD Changes in punishment?
Could be burnt at stake (heresy)
Hanged, drawn, and quartered (high treason)
MD Why was the church important?
Gave purpose to life for peasants
As gives communities, stories, way of life, news
Use doom paintings and purgatory to create fear
What was sanctuary?
Criminal given shelter for 40 days by church after committing a crime
Could decide to face trial or leave country
Aim for punishment?
Retribution
Deterrence
Reformation/rehabilitation
Removal from public
Compensation
