When Animals Bite Flashcards
Most likely to be bitten by a dog
9 year old
Most likely to be bitten by a cat
75 year old
Most likely to have complications following a human bite
1 year old and 75 year old
Risk of infections is highest among which of the following:
dog, cat, human
Risk of infection is greatest following a cat bite
cat > human > dog
Cellulitis following a cat or dog bite
Pasteurella multocida
Average 5 bacterial isolates following a cat/dog bite
Pasteurella
Strep
Staph
Neisseria
Fusobacterium/Bacteroides
Gram - coccobacillus
Local cellulitis
Low grade fever
Pasteurella multocida
Other complications include:
Abscess, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis
Pneumonia, endocarditis, meningitis
What is P. multocida inherently resistant to?
Clindamycin
(Also avoid erythromycin)
Tx for P. multocida
B-lactam + suicide inhibitor
(Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid)
Tx for a pregnant woman following a dog/cat bite
Azithromycin
Tx for someone with a penicillin allergy following a dog/cat bite
Metronidazole + Cipro
Carried in the nasopharynx of 50-90% of cats
P. multocida
Normal flora in dogs/cats
Capnocytophagia canimosus
- Gram - rod*
- Anaerobe*
Complications of C. canimosus
Wide spectrum (fevers, myalgias, rash, etc.)
bacteremia/sepsis is very rare, but has a high mortality rate
Tx of C. canimosus
Amoxicillin + Clavulanic Acid
AVOID: TMX/SMX and Aminoglycosides