When Animals Bite Flashcards

1
Q

Most likely to be bitten by a dog

A

9 year old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Most likely to be bitten by a cat

A

75 year old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Most likely to have complications following a human bite

A

1 year old and 75 year old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Risk of infections is highest among which of the following:

dog, cat, human

A

Risk of infection is greatest following a cat bite

cat > human > dog

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cellulitis following a cat or dog bite

A

Pasteurella multocida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Average 5 bacterial isolates following a cat/dog bite

A

Pasteurella

Strep

Staph

Neisseria

Fusobacterium/Bacteroides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Gram - coccobacillus

Local cellulitis

Low grade fever

A

Pasteurella multocida

Other complications include:

Abscess, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis

Pneumonia, endocarditis, meningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is P. multocida inherently resistant to?

A

Clindamycin

(Also avoid erythromycin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Tx for P. multocida

A

B-lactam + suicide inhibitor

(Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Tx for a pregnant woman following a dog/cat bite

A

Azithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tx for someone with a penicillin allergy following a dog/cat bite

A

Metronidazole + Cipro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Carried in the nasopharynx of 50-90% of cats

A

P. multocida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Normal flora in dogs/cats

A

Capnocytophagia canimosus

  • Gram - rod*
  • Anaerobe*
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Complications of C. canimosus

A

Wide spectrum (fevers, myalgias, rash, etc.)

bacteremia/sepsis is very rare, but has a high mortality rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tx of C. canimosus

A

Amoxicillin + Clavulanic Acid

AVOID: TMX/SMX and Aminoglycosides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Lymphadenopathy following cat scratch

A

Bartonella henselae

Gram - rod w/ flagella

Give azithromycin for disseminated or severe disease

(most resolve spontaneously)

17
Q

Human bites

A

After looking for staph/strep…

Eikenella corrodens

18
Q

Anaerobic

Small G - bacilli

Bleach smell

A

Eikenella corrodens

19
Q

Tx of Eikenella corrodens

A

Resitant to many drugs (Cephalexin, Clindamycin, Erythromycin, and Metronidazole)

Susceptible to: penicillins, fluroquinolones, TMP/SMX, and doxy

20
Q

Tiger bite

A

P. multocida

(Big Cat)

21
Q

Pig Bite

A

Staph/Strep

Acintobacillus suis

22
Q

Rat Bite Fever

A

Streptobacillus moniliformis & spirillum minus

Gram - branching bacilli

Fever, rash, migratory polyarthralgias, endocarditis

Tx = PCN derivative or doxy

23
Q

Tx for a snake bite

A

Many bites are “dry” (i.e., no venom)

Ceftriaxone + B-lactamase inhibitors

24
Q

Fish tank granuloma

A

Mycobacterium marinum

Acid fast

25
Q

Candiru fish

A

Swim up urethra

26
Q

Bite from a macaque monkey

A

HBV is endemic among these monkeys

Incubation of 5-21 days, followed by vesicular lesion, paresthesias, seizures, ascending paralysis, and respiratory failure

Tx: wash wound for 15 minutes and give valacyclovir

27
Q

Tx for a pregnant woman following a monkey bite

A

Acyclovir

(Gancyclovir if CNS/PNS findings are found)

28
Q

Shellfish (raw oysters)

A

Vibrio vulnificus

Risk factors for severe disease = liver disease, hemochromatosis, alcohol abuse

29
Q

Work up for rabies

A
  1. Saliva (PCR)
  2. Neck biopsy (PCR and IF)
  3. Serum (Ab)
  4. CSF (Ab)
30
Q

MRSA following animal bite

A

S. intermedius is more common than S. aureus

31
Q

Common infection during OEF/OIF

A

Acinetobacter baumanii