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Multisystem Micro (Final) > Insect Vectors > Flashcards

Insect Vectors Flashcards

1
Q

Vector-borne Disease Transmission

A

Mechanical

Biological

  • Propagative*
  • Cyclo-developmental*
  • Cyclo-propagative*
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2
Q

Mechanical transmission

A

Transmission of pathogen by feet, hairs or mouthparts

Pathogen does not change form or multiple

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3
Q

Propagative transmission

A

Pathogen multiples in the arthropod vector

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4
Q

Cyclo-developmental transmission

A

Pathogen changes form, but doesn’t multiply

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5
Q

Cyclo-propagative

A

Pathogen changes form AND multiplies

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6
Q

Example of mechanical transmission

A

House fly

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7
Q

Example of propagative transmission

A

Arboviruses

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8
Q

Example of cyclo-developmental transmission

A

Filarial worms

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9
Q

Example of cyclo-propagative transmission

A

Malaria

Leishmania

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10
Q

Jointed Foot

Has exoskeleton, bilateral symmetry, segmented body, and open circulatory system

A

Arthropod

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11
Q

Hexapoda

A

aka Insects:

Mosquitos

Sand flies

Black flies

Tsetse fly

Reduviidae

Lice

Rat fleas

Cockroaches

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12
Q

Different types of mosquitos

A

All mosquitos have wings with scales, long proboscis for sucking, and immature stages that are entirely acquatic (larvae)

  • Anopheles mosquitos: larvae rests parallel to water surface and lacks Siphon; 45 degree blood feeding posture
    • Malaria, arboviruses
  • Culex: larvae with long respiratory siphons, eggs laid in rafts, female has blunt distal end of abdomen
    • Arboviruses (West Nile)
  • Aedes: eggs laid singly, breed in temporary pools
    • Arboviruses (Dengue, Yellow Fever)
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13
Q

Sand Flies

A

Long antennae and hair on body/wings

Sand Fly Fever, Bartonellosis, Leishmaniasis (Cutaneous, Mucocutaneous, and Visceral)

Note: U.S. has sand flies capable of carrying leishmaniasis, but they don’t currently have it

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14
Q

Black flies

A

Small, hump-backed flies

Larvae in fast moving water

River blindness (onchocerciasis due to filarial worms)

Black flies make your vision go black

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15
Q

Tsetse Fly

A

Feed only on blood

Produce 1 young at a time

Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)

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16
Q

Reduviidae (kissing bugs or conenoses)

A

Bite causes little or no pain

Bug habitat = South American homes (walls)

Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) passed in bug feces and rubbed into bite site

17
Q

Lice

A

Body louse, Head louse, Crab (pubic) Louse

From overcrowding, wars, famine, or natural disasters

Epidemic typhus (Rickettsia prowazekii), Epidemic Relapsing Fever (Borrelia recurrentis), Trench Fever (Bartonella quintana)

18
Q

Stercorarian Transmission

A

Feces gets rubbed into skin

Ex: Kissing bugs or Lice

19
Q

Rat fleas

A

Intermediate host for tape worms/cestodes; mechanical vectors of F. tularensis

Plague (Yersinia pestis), Endemic Murine Typhus (R. typhi),

20
Q

Cockroaches

A

Common mechanical vectors

Terrible for asthmatics

21
Q

Myiasis

A

Invasion of tissues and organs of LIVING vertebrates by LARVAE of the human bot fly (Dermatobia)

Females lay eggs on blood sucking insects, that then land on you, causing singular lesions that are very painful and cause the sensation of movement

Maggot Therapy: kills some bacteria and destroys dying tissue

22
Q

Arachnida

A

Tick/Mites

23
Q

Ixodes (Hard deer tick)

A

Lyme, Babesia and anaplasmosis

Note: anaplasmosis was previously known as human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE); now it is known as HGA

24
Q

Dermacentor (american dog tick)

A

RMSF

Tularemia

25
Q

Amblyomma (lone star tick)

A

Ehrlichiosis (fever, fatigue, headache, muscle aches)

Treat w/ doxy

STARI (similar to lyme)

26
Q

Soft shell ticks

A

Endemic relapsing fever

(Borrelia hermsii)

27
Q

Scabies

Chiggers

House dust mites

A

Mites (scabies)

Scrub typhus (chiggers)

Asthma (dust mites)

Rhinitis (dust mites)

Eczema (dust mites)

Multisystem Micro (Final) (11 decks)

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