what passes through foramens (december revision) Flashcards
anterior ethmoidal foramen
- anterior ethmoidal nerve
- anterior ethmoidal artery
carotid canal
internal carotid artery
condylar canal (posterior)
- meningeal branch of occipital artery
- emissary vein connecting sigmoid sinus and occipital veins
cribiform plate
- olfactory nerve (CNI)
- anterior ethmoidal nerve
facial canal
-facial nerve (CNVII)
foramen caecum
-emissary veins connecting nose and superior sagittal sinus
foramen lacerum
-greater petrosal nerve, also internal carotid runs into it at the back
foramen magnum
accessory nerve (CNXI)
foramen ovale
- trigeminal nerve (CNVc)
- nervus spinosus (CNVc)
- lesser petrosal nerve
- accessory meningeal artery
foramen rotundum
-trigeminal nerve (CN Vb)
foramen spinosum
- nervus spinosus (CNVc)
- middle meningeal artery
foramen transversium
- vertebral artery and vein (in C1-C6)
- vein only in C7
greater palatine foramen
- greater palatine nerve (CN Vb)
- lateral posterior, inferior nasal nerve (CN Vb)
- greater palatine artery and vein
hypoglossal canal (anterior)
hypoglossal nerve (CNXII)
incisive fossa (canal and foramen are included)
- nasopalatine nerve
- greater palatine artery and vein
inferior alveolar foramen and canal
- inferior alveolar nerve (CN Vc)
- inferior alveolar artery
inferior orbital fissure
- infra-orbital nerve (CN Vb)
- middle superior alveolar nerve (CN Vb)
- anterior superior alveolar (CN Vb)
infra-orbital foramen (canal included)
- infra-orbital nerve (CN Vb)
- infra-orbital artery
internal acoustic meatus
- facial nerve (CN VII)
- vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
intervertebral foramen
- spinal artery and vein
- dorsal root ganglion
- spinal nerves
jugular foramen
- glossopharyngeal nerve (CNIX)
- vagus nerve (CN X)
- recurrent laryngeal (CN X)
- accessory nerve (CNXI)
- internal jugular vein
lesser palatine foramen
-lesser palatine artery
mastoid foramen
- emissary vein
- meningeal branch of occipital artery
mental foramen
-mental nerve (CN Vc)
nasolacrimal canal
-nasolacrimal duct
nasal cartilage
-anterior ethmoidal nerve
optic canal
optic nerve (CN II)
palatovaginal canal
- pharyngeal nerve (CN Vn)
- pharyngeal artery
petrosquamous fissure
no structures
petrotympanic fissure
chorda tympani
posterior ethmoidal foramen
- posterior ethmoidal nerve
- posterior ethmoidal artery
pterygoid canal
-nerve and artery of pterygoid canal
pterygomaxillary fissure
posterior superior alveolar nerve (CNVb)
sphenoidal foramen
emissary vein connecting cavernous sinus and pterygoid plexus
sphenopalatine foramen
- nasopalatine nerve (CN Vb)
- posterior superior nasal nerve (CN Vb)
- sphenopalatine artery
squamotympanic fissure
deep auricular branch of maxillary artery
stylomastoid foramen
posterior auricular nerve (CNVII)
superior orbital fissure
- oculomotor nerve (CNIII)
- trochlear nerve (CNIV)
- frontal nerve (CNVa)
- lacrimal nerve (CNVa)
- nasocilliary (CN Va)
- abducens nerve (CNVI)
supraorbital notch
frontal nerve (CNVa)
vertebral foramen
- spinal cord/cauda equira
- dura, arachnoid and pia mater
- cerebrospinal fluid
- internal vertebral venous plexus
- spinal arteries
vomervaginal foramen
pharyngeal branch of sphenopalatine artery
zygomaticofacial foramen
zygomaticofacial nerve and artery and vein
zygomatico-orbital foramen
zygomatic branch of maxillary nerve (CN Vb)
zygomaticotemporal foramen
zygomaticotemporal nerve and artery and vein