What is the TCP/IP model? Flashcards
What is the TCP/IP model?
The TCP/IP model is a framework used to visualize how data is organized and transmitted across a network. It helps network engineers and security analysts conceptualize processes and identify disruptions or security threats.
How many layers does the TCP/IP model have, and what are they?
The TCP/IP model has four layers:
Network Access Layer
Internet Layer
Transport Layer
Application Layer
What is the Network Access Layer responsible for?
The Network Access Layer deals with the creation of data packets and their transmission across a network. It includes physical hardware like hubs, modems, and cables, and uses protocols like ARP to map IP addresses to MAC addresses.
What is the purpose of ARP in the Network Access Layer?
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) maps IP addresses to MAC addresses to enable communication between devices on the same physical network.
What is the Internet Layer responsible for?
The Internet Layer ensures data packets are delivered to the correct destination host, even if it’s on a different network. It attaches IP addresses to packets and uses protocols like IP and ICMP.
What are the key protocols in the Internet Layer?
- Internet Protocol (IP)
- Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
What is the role of IP in the Internet Layer?
IP sends data packets to the correct destination and relies on TCP/UDP to deliver them to the corresponding service. It enables communication between two networks.
What is the purpose of ICMP in the Internet Layer?
ICMP shares error information and status updates about data packets, helping detect and troubleshoot network errors like dropped packets or connectivity issues.
What is the Transport Layer responsible for?
The Transport Layer delivers data between two systems or networks and controls the flow of traffic. It includes protocols like TCP and UDP.
What is the difference between TCP and UDP?
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): Establishes a connection and ensures reliable data transmission.
UDP (User Datagram Protocol): Connectionless and used for performance-sensitive applications like video streaming.
What is the Application Layer responsible for?
The Application Layer handles network requests and responses, defining which internet services and applications users can access. It includes protocols like HTTP, SMTP, SSH, FTP, and DNS.
What are some common protocols in the Application Layer?
Common protocols include:
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
SSH (Secure Shell)
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
DNS (Domain Name System)
How does the TCP/IP model differ from the OSI model?
The TCP/IP model has four layers and is a simplified version of the OSI model, which has seven layers. The TCP/IP model combines some layers of the OSI model.
What is the key takeaway about the TCP/IP and OSI models?
Both are conceptual models that help network professionals visualize network processes and protocols. The TCP/IP model has four layers, while the OSI model has seven layers.
Why are the TCP/IP and OSI models important for network professionals?
They help professionals conceptualize network processes, troubleshoot issues, and communicate about potential sources of problems or security threats.
