What is DM?

Question 1

What factors may contribute to beta cell damage?

Answer 1

• Genetic predisposition plus a trigger such as a viral infection

Question 2

What are the common presenting symptoms of DM?

Answer 2

• Weight loss
• Excessive thirst
• Polyuria
• Tiredness

Question 3

How is DM diagnosed?

Answer 3

Diabetes is diagnosed as a random glucose level of > or = 11.1 mmol/l, or a fasting glucose level of > or = 7 mmol/l.

Diabetes can also be diagnosed by having a blood glucose of > or = 11.1 mmol/l 2hour after 75g CHO (OGTT)

Finally diabetes can also be diagnosed by an HbA1C level of > or = 48mmol/mol

Question 4

What are the common epidemiological features of DM?

Answer 4

• Overweight
• Lack of exercise
• Both parents DM 2 (75%)
• One parent DM 2 (15%)
• Strong family history