Type 1 DM

Question 1

What are the principles of Insulin therapy in Type 1 DM?

Answer 1

1) Rapid acting
2) Short acting
3) Intermediate acting
4) Long acting
- Taken in combinations at various times throughout the day:

BB - Before breakfast

BL - Before lunch

BT - Before evening meal

Question 2

What is basal-bolus insulin therapy used for?

Answer 2

Basal insulin is used to control BG in between meals

Bolus insulin is used to control BG during meals

Question 3

What is insulin pump treatment used for?

Answer 3

To provide a steady supply of insulin throughout the day

Question 4

What are the targets for hom blood glucose monitoring?

Answer 4

Type 1:

Before meals - 4-7mmol/l

90 minutes after meals - 5-9mmol/l

Type 2:

Before meals - 4-7mmol/l

2 hours after meals - < 8.5mmols/l

Question 5

What should the HbA1c numbers be for Type 1 DM?

Answer 5

<58 mmol/l

Question 6

What levels of Ketones should Type 1 DM be aiming for?

Answer 6

< 0.6mmol/l

> 3mmol/l = DKA

Question 7

What are the symptoms of hypoglycaemia?

Answer 7

Sweating

Shaking

Confusion

Drowsiness

Headache

Question 8

What are the causes of hypglycaemia?

Answer 8

• Too much insulin
• Inappropriate timing of insulin
• Injection site problems
• Inadequate food intake/fasting
• Exercise
• Alcohol

Question 9

What is the treatment of hypoglycaemia?

Answer 9

15-20g simple Carbohydrate

200ml fruit juice