What I'm Struggling On Flashcards
what is the relative mass of a neutron
1
what is the relative mass of a proton
1
what is the relative mass of an electron
very small
what is the charge of a neutron
0
what is the charge of a proton
+ 1
what is the charge of an electron
- 1
why do atoms have no overall charge
there is an equal number of protons and electrons so the opposite charges cancel out, leaving neutrons that have no charge
how do ions differ from atoms in terms of charge
atoms have no overall charge whilst ions are either positive or negative
why do ions have a charge
they have an unequal amount of protons (+1) and electrons (-1)
what does the atomic number tell us
how many protons an atom has. This is equal to the number of electrons it has as well
where do you find the atomic number
left corner of an element displayed on the periodic table
what does the atomic mass tell us
how many protons and neutrons there are in the nucleus and therefore the entire atom
how do you find the number of neutrons in an atom
subtract the number of protons from the total of protons and neutrons to find out how many are left (in other words, minus the atomic number from the atomic mass)
where do you always find electrons
the electron shells
give an alternate name for an ‘electron shell’
energy level
what is the maximum number of electrons that can be fit on the 1st shell
2
what is the maximum number of electrons that can be fit on the 2nd shell
8
what is the maximum number of electrons that can be fit on the 3rd shell
8
how do you draw an atom as an ion (2)
- make sure the outer layer is full- you can do this by getting rid of excess electrons or adding on more
- draw brackets around the drawing on both sides and write whether the new charge is positive or negative
how do you know if an ion is positively charged or negatively charged
if electrons have been taken away, the new charge is positive, if they have been added on, the new charge is negative
write the symbol for sodium as a positive ion
[Na] +
[2,8] +
