What Drives Us (Modules 31, 33, and 34)

Question 1

A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior

Answer 1

Motivations

Question 2

A complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned

Answer 2

Instinct

Question 3

A basic bodily requirement

Answer 3

Physiological Needs

Question 4

The idea that a physiological need creates an aroused state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need

Answer 4

Drive-Reduction Theory

Question 5

A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level

Answer 5

Homeostasis

Question 6

A positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior

Answer 6

Incentives

Question 7

The principle that performance increases with arousal only up to a point, beyond which performance decreases

Answer 7

Yerkes-Dodson Law

Question 8

Maslow’s pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before people can fulfill their higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs

Answer 8

Hierarchy of Needs

Question 9

There is a genetic basis for unlearned, species-typical behavior (such as birds building nests or infants rooting for a nipple)

Answer 9

Instincts and Evolutionary Theory

Question 10

Our need to maintain an optimal level of arousal motivates behaviors that meet no physiological need (such as our yearning for stimulation and our hunger for information)

Answer 10

Arousal Theory