Developing Through the Lifespan (Modules 14-16) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience

A

Maturation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

A

Cognition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information

A

Schemas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas

A

Assimilate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In developmental psychology, adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information

A

Accommodate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In Piaget’s theory, the stage (from birth to nearly 2 years of age) at which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities

A

Sensorimotor Stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived

A

Object Permanence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In Piaget’s theory, the stage (from about 2 to 6 or 7 years of age) at which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic

A

Preoperational Stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The principle (which Piaget believed to be a part of concrete operational reasoning) that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects

A

Conservation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In Piaget’s theory, the preoperational child’s difficulty taking another’s point of view

A

Egocentric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In Piaget’s theory, the stage of cognitive development (from about 7 to 11 years of age) at which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events

A

Concrete Operational Stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In Piaget’s theory, the stage of cognitive development (normally beginning about age 12) at which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts

A

Formal Operational Stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In Vygotsky’s theory, a framework that offers children temporary support as they develop higher levels of thinking

A

Scaffold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

People’s ideas about their own and others’ mental states—about their feelings, perceptions, and thoughts, and the behaviors these might predict

A

Theory of Mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The fear of strangers that infants commonly display, beginning by about 8 months of age

A

Stranger Anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

An emotional tie with others; shown in young children by their seeking closeness to caregivers and showing distress on separation

A

Attachment

17
Q

An optimal period early in the life of an organism when exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces normal development

A

Critical Period

18
Q

The process by which certain animals form strong attachments during early life

A

Imprinting

19
Q

According to Erik Erikson, a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy; said to be formed during infancy by appropriate experiences with responsive caregivers

A

Basic Trust

20
Q

All our thoughts and feelings about ourselves, an answer to the question, “Who Am I?”

A

Self-Concept

21
Q

1) Authoritarian - Coercive, 2) Permissive - Unrestraining, 3) Neglectful - Uninvolved, and 4) Authoritative - Confrontive

A

Types of Parenting Styles

22
Q

The transition period from childhood to adulthood, extending from puberty to independence

A

Adolescence

23
Q

The period of sexual maturation, during which a person usually becomes capable of reproducing

A

Puberty

24
Q

Self-interest; obey rules to avoid punishment or gain concrete rewards

A

Preconventional Morality (before age 9)

25
Q

Uphold laws and rules to gain social approval or maintain social order

A

Conventional Morality (early adolescence)

26
Q

Actions reflect belief in basic rights and self-defined ethical principles

A

Postconventional Morality (adolescence and beyond)

27
Q

The “we” aspect of our self-concept; the part of our answer to “Who am I?” that comes from our group memberships

A

Social Identity

28
Q

In Erikson’s theory, the ability to form close, loving relationships; a primary developmental task in young adulthood

A

Intimacy

29
Q

A period from about age 18 to the mid-twenties, when many in Western cultures are no longer adolescents but have not yet achieved full independence as adults

A

Emerging Adulthood

30
Q

The time of natural cessation of menstruation; also refers to the biological changes a woman experiences as her ability to reproduce declines

A

Menopause

31
Q

Acquired (not lifelong) disorders marked by cognitive deficits; often related to Alzheimer’s disease, brain injury or disease, or substance abuse. In older adults, neurocognitive disorders are also called dementia

A

Neurocognitive Disorder (NCD)

32
Q

A neurocognitive disorder marked by neural plaques, often with onset after age 80, and entailing a progressive decline in memory and other cognitive abilities

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

33
Q

The culturally preferred timing of social events such as marriage, parenthood, and retirement

A

Social Clock