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antibiotic > What antibiotics fight which bacteria? > Flashcards

What antibiotics fight which bacteria? Flashcards

1
Q

What 4 types of antibiotics are mainly used against G+ve bacteria?

A
  • Macrolides
  • Tetracylines
  • gleicopeptides
  • Linezolid
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2
Q

What bacteria do macrolides cover?
•Azythromycin
•clarythromycin
•erythromycin

A

Cover G+ve and atypicals

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3
Q 
What bacteria do the tetracyclines cover?
•doxycycline
•tetracycline
•minocyclin
•oxy-tetracyclin
A

Limited uses due to resistance.

•Some G+ve skin infections
•Some MRSA
•Cover some atypicals
      - Chlamydia trachtoatis
      - Atypical pneumonia
      - Pneumococcus
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4
Q

What bacteria do glycopeptides cover?
•vancomycin
•teicoplanin

A

Nearly all G+ve bacteria!!!!!!!!

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5
Q

What does linezolid cover?

A

Covers nearly all G+ve bacteria including MRSA and VRE!

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6
Q

What are the 3 major antibiotic resitances?

A
  • MRSA → methicillin resistant staph. aureus
  • ESBL → Extended spectrum beta lactamase carriers
  • VRE → Vancomycin resistant entrococci
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7
Q

What are the antibiotics used mainly for G-ve bacteria?

A
  • Quinolones

* Aminoglycosides

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8
Q 
What bacteria do Quinolones cover?
•Ciprofloxacin
•ofloxacin
•norfloxacin
•levofloxacin
A
  • Mainly G-ve bacteria incl. Pseudomonas aeringosa!!!
  • only oral agent for pseudomonas
  • associated with C.diff colonisation
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9
Q

What bacteria do aminoglycosides cover?
•Gentamicin
•amikicin

A
  • G-ve including psudemonas.

* Lvls need to be measured as it is both nephrotoxic and ototoxic.

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10
Q

What are the important beta-lactams?

A
  • Penicillins
  • cephalosporins
  • mono-bactams
  • carbapenems
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11
Q

What antibiotics cover both G-ve and G+ve bacteria?

A

Beta-lactams

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12
Q

What negative side effect do Cephalosporins appear to be associated with?

A

C.Diff

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13
Q

What do the penicillins cover?

  • Penicillin V
  • Benzylpenicillin
A
  • Narrow spectrum
  • Streptococci
  • Neisseria menigitidis
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14
Q

What does Flucloxacillin cover?

A

Staphylococcus aureus (not MRSA)

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15
Q

What do Amoxicillin/ampicillin cover?

A
  • Broader spectrum penicillin
  • Streptococci,enterococci + some G-ve
  • Respiratory infections but no atypicals
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16
Q

What do the carbapenems cover?

A
  • VERY broad spectrum.
  • G+ve & G-ve
  • pseudomonas, anaerobes & ESBL
17
Q

What do you treat MRSA with?

A 
•Glycopeptides
       - Vancomycin
       - Teicolanin
•Linezolid
•tetracyclines
18
Q

What do you treat VRE with?

A

not vancomycin :D

  • Linezolid
  • sometimes if susceptible amoxicillin
19
Q

What do you treat Anaerobes with?

A

Metronidazole

20
Q

What do you treat pseudamonas aeringosa with?

A
  • Quinolones → ciprofloxacin
  • 3rd generation cephalosporins → ceftazidime
  • Tazocin
  • Carbapenems
  • Aminoglycasides → Gentamicin
21
Q

What do you treat atypicals with?

A
  • Macrolides
  • quinolones
  • tetracycline
  • rifampicin
22
Q

What do you treat ESBL carries with?

A
  • Carbapenems

* aminoglycasides

23
Q

What are the pathogens that normally carry ESBL?

A
  • E.coli

* Klebsiella

antibiotic (7 decks)

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