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antibiotic > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 mechanisms of action for antibiotics?

A
  • Antibiotics that attack the peptidoglycan wall
  • Antibiotics that attack the bacterial ribosome
  • Antibiotics that attack the nucleic acid
  • Antibiotics that have an antimetabolite Activity by disrupting the bacterias ability to sythesize folate.
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2
Q

List the antibiotics that disrupt the peptidoglycan cell wall?

A

BETA LACTAMS:

  • Penicillins
  • Carborpenems
  • Cephalosporins
  • Betalactamase inhibitors → Tazobactam and clavulanic acid.
  • GLYCOPEPTIDES
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3
Q

What are the antibiotics that attack the bacterial ribosome?

A
  • Aminoglycasides → attacks the 30s ribosome
  • Teracycline → attacks the 30S ribosome

•Cloramphenicol → Attacks the 50s ribosome
.Macrolides → attacks 50s ribosome

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4
Q

What are the antibiotics that attack the nucleic acid?

A
  • Quinolones
  • Rifamipicin
  • Metronidazole
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5
Q

What is the beta lactam method of action?

A

β-Lactam antibiotics inhibit the formation of peptidoglycan cross-links in the bacterial cell wall.

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6
Q

What is Glycopeptides method of action ?

A

Glycopeptides inhibit the release peptidoglycan building blocks from the cell membrane, preventing their addition to the growing end of the wall.

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7
Q

What are the antibiotics that have antimetabolite activity?

A
  • Trimethoprim

* sulphonamides

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8
Q

How do Quinolones work?

A

They inhibit DNA coiling of the DNA gyrase.

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9
Q

How does rifampicin work?

A

Inhibits DNA dependent RNA polymerase activity.

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10
Q

How does metronidazole work?

A

It inhibits nucleic acid synthesis by disrupting the DNA of microbial cells

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11
Q

How do sulphonamides work?

A

Suphonamides are competitive inhibitors of the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase disrupting the folate synthesis that feeds the bacteria.

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12
Q

How does trimethoprim work?

A

It inhibits folate conversion targeting dihydroreductase disrupting folate sythesis.

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13
Q

What are the 3 1st generation Cephalosporins?

A 
CEFA-
•Cefadrin
•Cefadroxil
•Cefalexin
•Cefazolin
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14
Q

What are the 2nd generation cephalosporins?

A 
Cefaclor
Cefotetan
Cefoxitin
Cefprozil
Cefuroxime
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15
Q

What are the 3rd generation Cephalosporins?

A 
Cefdinir
Cefditoren
Cefixime
CEFOTAXIME
Cefpodoxime
CEFTAZIDIME
Ceftibuten
CEFTRIAXONE
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16
Q

Tazocin is what 2 antibiotics together?

A

Pippericillin and tazobactam

17
Q

Coamoxiclav is what 2 antibiotics together?

A

Amoxicillin and calvulanic acid

18
Q

Name the carbapenems?

A
  • Imipenem
  • Meropenem
  • Ertapenem
  • Doripenem
19
Q

Name the penicillins?

A
  • Penicillin V
  • Benzylpenicillin
  • Ampicillin
  • Amoxicillin
  • Pipperocillin
  • Flucloxacillin
20
Q

Name the glycopeptides?

A
  • Vancomycin

* teicoplanin

21
Q

Name the aminoglycosides?

A
  • Gentamicin
  • Streptomicin
  • Amikacin
  • streptomicin
22
Q

Name the tetracyclines?

A
  • Minocycline
  • Doxycycline
  • Tertracycline
  • Oxy-tetracycline
23
Q

What does cloramphenicol target?

A

50s ribosome

24
Q

Name the macrolides?

A
  • Azythromycin
  • Clarythromycin
  • Erythromycin
  • Roxithromycin
25
Q

Name the quinolones?

A
  • Ciprofloxacin
  • Levofloxacin
  • Norfloxacin
  • Ofloxacin
26
Q

What are the 3 families of nucleic acid targeting antibiotics?

A
  • Metronidazole
  • Rifampicin
  • Quinolones
27
Q

What are the 2 antibiotics that target the bacterial folate synthesis?

A
  • Sulphonamide

* trimethoprim

28
Q

What is an alternative to trimethoprim in treating UTI?

A

Nitrofurantoin

29
Q

What in linezolid?

A

Linezolid is an oxazolidinones

30
Q

What is the method of action of linezolid?

A

Linezolid targets the 30 +50s ribosomes stopping the translation of messenger RNA.

antibiotic (7 decks)

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