WH terms Midterm Part 2

Question 1

Humanism:

Answer 1

Man is worthy to be studied.

Question 2

Aztecs:

Answer 2

Central Mexico, warrior society, conquers a lot, not good at governing people. Was conquered by Cortes. The king is Moctezuma II, who welcomes him thinking he is a god but then Cortes betrayed him, destroyed Tenochtitlan.

Question 3

Joint-stock companies:

Answer 3

Share risk and share reward, first kind of modern company; owned by investors that bought shares of stock.

Question 4

Caravel:

Answer 4

A type of ship meant for the open ocean, uses a combination of both triangle and rectangle sails to be both mobile and fast, big to carry tons of treasure

Question 5

Encomienda:

Answer 5

Colonist got land, and some native americans in exchange that they would teach the native americans about Christianity and provide with all their needs.

Question 6

Perspective:

Answer 6

Element used in Renaissance art to create dimension and make it look realistic

Question 7

Excommunication:

Answer 7

Cut of from the church so that you are cut of from God.

Question 8

Plantations:

Answer 8

Large farms where large quantities of cash crops were grown

Question 9

Theology:

Answer 9

The study of divine nature, like God.

Question 10

Indulgences:

Answer 10

Pope Leo X started to sell them, it supposedly grants you forgiveness, to shorten time in purgatory.

Question 11

Secular:

Answer 11

Not about the church, separated from the church.

Question 12

Astrolabe:

Answer 12

To measure the stars and horizon to know where they are, helped navigate.

Question 13

Reform:

Answer 13

Make changes in order to improve an organization or institute.

Question 14

Inquisition:

Answer 14

A church court by priests to find the people saying heresy or if being a heretic.

Question 15

Patron:

Answer 15

Wealthy sponsor of arts.

Question 16

Capitalism:

Answer 16

Earn money by investing money, it is risky, economic system that encourages individual decision making and risk taking; built on competition

Question 17

Mercantilism:

Answer 17

Economic system that sought to enrich the mother country through precious metals, nation’s strength depended on its wealth. Controlled by trade, government gains, but the people not gaining as much.

Question 18

Interdict:

Answer 18

Denied of church services or sacraments to regions, cities, or countries. No final blessing when about to die, no baptism and no communion.

Question 19

Parliament:

Answer 19

legislative body of England that only met when the King called; usually when in need of money for war. Allowed the King tax imports and exports

Question 20

Act of Settlement:

Answer 20

says that only Parliament is allowed to choose the next ruler of England.

Question 21

Petition of Right:

Answer 21

document passed by Parliament that say that only taxes passed by Parliament are legal, Parliament would meet every 3 years, and only Parliament can dismiss this meeting. King James signed this document only because he needed money for war against Scotland.

Question 22

Glorious Revolution:

Answer 22

William and Mary invade England when Parliament requests them to; no blood was shed in the invasion.

Question 23

English Civil War:

Answer 23

Puritans, Parliament, middle class (Roundheads) vs King and high lords (Cavaliers). Oliver Cromwell leads the Roundheads and wins the war in 1646.

Question 24

English Bill of Rights:

Answer 24

Document that established civil liberties of the people; says that the King and Queen can never be Catholic.

Question 25

Habeas Corpus Act:

Answer 25

Document that says you can’t go to jail without a charge.

Question 26

Magna Carta:

Answer 26

document that limits the King’s power; couldn’t tax without a council