WH people Midterm Flashcards
Pericles:
Leader of Athens during the Golden Age who brought democracy to Athens.
Zeus:
“King of gods and man”, was the ruler of Mount Olympus.
Philip II:
First Greek king that used a phalanx in military strategies. He also used a Sarissa that is a long spear used by soldiers. He wanted to unite the Greeks to fight against Persians.
Alexander the Great:
Son of Philip II that ruled after the assassination of Philip. He was the student of Aristotle. He was one of the greatest leaders of Greece. He conquered most of what the Greeks had. He died on a deserted island at the age of 33.
Socrates:
Teacher of Athens at the same time Pericles started democracy. He believed that the most important thing is to know yourself because the truth is inside man.
Plato:
Student of Socrates. Founded the “School of Athens.” Believed that truth must be permanent; outside the world.
Aristotle:
Was the mind of the School of Athens. He says that truth can be found in the world around you through senses.
Hannibal:
He was a Carthaginian general who wanted to gain control of Rome. He was known for his strategies.
Marius:
Was a powerful general of Rome, he gained loyalty of his army by giving them valuable things he conquers at war,and he became the hero of the Tribal Assembly.
Sulla:
Is appointed military commander by the Senate.He defeats Marius and kills Marius’s followers.Is made a dictator and gives senate supreme power.
Crassus:
After Sulla dies this man who was rich came into power.
Pompey:
After Sulla dies this man who was backed up by the Senate came to power.
Julius Caesar:
After Sulla dies this man who was backed up by the people came into power. He crosses the River Rubicon against an act of war against Pompey and the Senate. After he wins against Pompey, Julius makes many reforms as a dictator but was assassinated by those who fear he will become king.
Mark Antony:
He was Caesar’s right hand and he teams up with Caesar’s nephew, Octavian. He killed the ones that assassinated Julius Caesar. He married Octavia, Octavian’s sister. He later falls in love with Cleopatra,and Octavian was really mad. He later commits suicide with Cleopatra.
Cleopatra:
Queen of Egypt, falls in love with Mark Antony, Mark Antony and Octavian go to battle in “the Battle of Actium”, but Cleopatra flees from the battle and Mark Antony goes with her.
Octavian:
He becomes ruler in 31 B.C.E and his rule ended in 14 C.E. His years of rule were called Pax Romana(years of peace). He ended the civil war than he became dictator. He later was called Augustus(Divinity). His family called him Caesar Augustus and he called himself Princeps(First Citizen). He helped the economy and he wanted to give power to the people. He kick out corrupt peop0le and ,maintain taxes fair.
Caesar Augustus:
He becomes ruler in 31 B.C.E and his rule ended in 14 C.E. His years of rule were called Pax Romana(years of peace). He ended the civil war than he became dictator. He later was called Augustus(Divinity). His family called him Caesar Augustus and he called himself Princeps(First Citizen). He helped the economy and he wanted to give power to the people. He kick out corrupt people and ,maintain taxes fair.
Cicero:
Dominated the first half of this literary age. He was an outstanding scholar, author, lawyer, and statesman.Cicero rightly recognized the importance of God’s law, “god” to him was Nature and not the one true God. “True law is right reason in agreement with Nature”
Nero:
He was a Roman emperor that was the first emperor to persecute Christians.
Constantine:
He was a Roman Emperor(306-337). In the Edict Of Milan he made Christianity legal.
Petrarch:
Devoted his life to finding the Greek and Roman ancient texts, for learning. His findings were one of the causes for the Renaissance.
Machiavelli:
Wrote “The Prince”, was the advisor of the Prince of Florence. Falls out of favor, and to get the good favor back he wrote the book. Machiavellian Ethics, the book was about how to rule that a prince must do anything to keep control.
Medici Family:
Most important patrons in Florence, Italy
Castiglione:
Italian courtier wrote “The Courtier” in 1513. It was about how to be a good courtier. People like merchants read it to seem like nobles, it taught etiquette. To talk about serious subjects but as well as amusing ones. Know poetry, history, Latin, and Greek.
Raphael:
Painted “The School of Athens”
Gutenberg:
Created the printing press, allowing him to makes books cheaper. More learning happens. The bible was printed and spread around.
da Vinci:
Made “The Last Supper” and “Mona Lisa.”
Bramante:
Built St. Peter’s Basilica
Michelangelo:
A painter, painted the Sistine Chapel and the Pieta. 4 years to paint the Sistine Chapel.
