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Edexcel GCSE History Paper 1: Medicine in Britain > Western Front: treatment of the wounded > Flashcards

Western Front: treatment of the wounded Flashcards

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1
Q

What organisation was responsible for medical care on the Western Front?

A

The RAMC (Royal Army Medical Corps)

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2
Q

How many men did the RAMC have in 1914?

A

9,000

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3
Q

How many men did the RAMC have by 1918?

A

113,000

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4
Q

How was the RAMC able to recruit more doctors during the war?

A

It raised the age at which doctors could serve abroad to 45

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5
Q

What process of looking after the wounded did the RAMC run on the Western Front?

A

The chain of evacuation

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6
Q

What was the main body of military nurses in 1914 called?

A

The Queen Alexandra’s nurses

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7
Q

How many Queen Alexandra’s Nurses were there by the end of the First World War?

A

10,000

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8
Q

Give three examples of jobs nurses would do to support the British army

A

Any three from:

Professional nursing in operating theatres

Scrubbing floors

Cooking

Washing clothes

Repairing broken-down motor vehicles

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9
Q

Who were the VADs on the Western Front?

A

Volunteer Aid Detachment: middle- and upper-class nurses

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10
Q

How did members of the First Aid Nursing Yeomanry (FANY) use their ambulances on the Western Front?

A

They took food and spare clothes to the front line

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11
Q

In what year did Britain start recruiting members of the First Aid Nursing Yeomanry (FANY)?

A

1916

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12
Q

What was the name of the FANY’s motorised bath vehicle with ten collapsible baths?

A

James

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13
Q

How many men per hour could have a bath in the FANY’s mobile bath vehicle?

A

40

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14
Q

How many stretcher bearers were there per battalion of 1,000 soldiers on the Western Front?

A

16 stretcher bearers

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15
Q

How many stretcher bearers were needed to carry a stretcher?

A

Four (6-8 in the mud)

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16
Q

What problems did stretcher bearers have to deal with when rescuing the wounded?

A

Heavy gun fire, mud, shell-craters and twisting trenches

17
Q

What medical care was offered by stretcher bearers?

A

Bandages and basic pain relief

18
Q

Where would stretcher bearers take the wounded?

A

The Regimental Aid Post (RAP)

19
Q

How far was the RAP behind the front line?

A

No more than 200 metres

20
Q

What role did the battalion regimental medical officer play at the RAP?

A

They distinguished between the lightly wounded and those needing more medical attention

21
Q

How advanced was the medical treatment at the RAP?

A

Very basic - dressings, biscuits for sugar, brandy to warm up the patient, morphine for pain relief

22
Q

What was set up in the Field Ambulance to receive the wounded from the RAP?

A

Dressing Stations

23
Q

Where were dressing stations often located?

A

In tents or disused buildings

24
Q

What process took place at the dressing stations, and what was this?

A

Triage - sorting the wounded into groups according to who needed the most urgent attention

25
Q

How far were the dressing stations from the front line?

A

Between 1/4 of a mile and one mile

26
Q

Where were serious cases taken after the dressing stations?

A

The Casualty Clearing Stations

27
Q

How far away was the Casualty Clearing Station from the front line?

A

7-12 miles

28
Q

How many doctors would be at the typical Casualty Clearing Station?

A

Seven

29
Q

Give THREE examples of facilities available at a Casualty Clearing Station

A

Any three from:

Operating theatres

Mobile X-ray machines

Beds for 50 men

Kitchens

Toilet blocks

30
Q

How many casualties at a time could a Casualty Clearing Station deal with?

A

1,000

31
Q

Where were wounded soldiers taken after the Casualty Clearing Station?

A

The Base Hospital

32
Q

Where were Base Hospitals often located near and why?

A

Railways - patients could arrive by train

33
Q

How many patients could base hospitals take at a time by 1918?

A

2,500

34
Q

Give THREE examples of facilities found at a base hospital

A

Any three from:

Operating theatres

Laboratories for identifying infections

X-ray departments

Specialist centres for treating victims of gas poisoning

35
Q

Where were most patients sent from the Base Hospital?

A

Back to England

36
Q

What was the overall aim of the chain of evacuation?

A

To ensure as many soldiers as possible could return to the front line having passed only as far down the chain of evacuation as necessary

Edexcel GCSE History Paper 1: Medicine in Britain (25 decks)

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