western civ ch 19 Flashcards
ur mom
popular sovereignty
authority derived from the people rather than from God or tradition
3 classes called “estates” or the orders of France
-first estate consisted of the clergy
-second estate consisted of the nobility
-third estate consisted of everyone else
bourgeoisie
elite of wealthy commoners who were merchants, manufacturers, and professionals
a body of deputies from the three estates or orders
the estates general
tennis court oath
they agreed not to separate until they had given France a constitution
bastille
July 14, 1789; a huge fortified prison that symbolized royal authority
great fear
a period of panic and riot by rural peasants amid rumors of an aristocratic conspiracy to overthrow the Third Estate
declaration of the rights of man and citizens; proclaimed:
men are born and remain free and equal in rights
french political clubs; devotedly radical republicans; left wing group
Jacobins
the slogans and values that will define the revolution
liberty, equality, fraternity
Marat was assassinated by Charlotte Corday, a girondin sympathizer; result: convention agreed to establish
revolutionary armies and committee of public safety
between september 5, 1793 and july 27, 1794; this period is called the
reign of terror
french enlightenment thinkers believed if they could just get rid of …?… humanity would enter a new golden age
religion, monarchy, and inequality
to replace the catholic church
cult of reason and cult of the supreme being
fearing for the safety of its members, in July 1794 the convention ended the terror by arresting and executing
robespierre and his followers
dies with Robespierre; France will enter a period of uncertainty
fear of another terror or a return to the oppressive monarchy that preceded it
next the directory sent napoleon and an army to Egypt in 1798
the hopes of cutting off the British trade routes to india
2nd century bc artifact will unlock the lost ancient Egyptian culture
Rosetta stone
the consulate; Napoleon became …?…; a title revived from the ancient Roman republic
first consul
napoleon created an administrative bureaucracy based on the ancient Roman …?… system
patron client
napoleon’s civil accomplishments: the civil code of 1804
it did not allow privileges based on birth (such as nobility); it allowed freedom of religion, equal protection under law for all males
napoleon’s military innovations
-creation of the grande armee
-the corps
-artillery
-spy network
regarded as the greatest victory achieved by napoleon
austerlitz
annexing territories; Napoleon…
Napoleon abolished serfdom, eliminated seigneurial dues, introduced the Napoleonic code, suppressed monasteries, subordinated church to state, and extended civil rights to Jews
