were the piece treaies of 1919-23 fair?

Question 1

what were the motives and aims of the big three?

Answer 1

Clemenceau:-wanted to cripple germany-disarmament, high reparations payment, the return of alsace-Lorraine to France -a large number of Germany’s colonies to be handed over to franceLloyd George:-wanted to be harsh but fair so that germany could still trade with england-strong barrier against CommunismWilson:-wanted a fair and lasting peace-wilson’s 14 points e.g. disarmament, land returning to original countries, frontier adjustments - establishment of an association of nations

Question 2

why did the victors not get what they wanted?

Answer 2

clemenceau:-could’ve been harsher-rhineland only became demilitarised not independent-France did get some of Germany’s colonies-high reparations -alsace returned to FranceLloyd george:-most satisfied -germany lost land-border between Germany and france was made safe-other countries made stronger; strong barrier against communismwilson:-least satisfied-too high a reparations figure-although there was disarmament

Question 3

what was the impact on germany up to 1923?

Answer 3

land:
-land is taken from Germany(13%)
-Polish corridor divided Germany
-3 million germans lived in separate states
armed forces:-reduced to 100,000 men
-no armed tanks,veichles,submarines or aircraft
-navy only allowed 6 ships
-no troops on french border
war guilt reparation:-guilty of starting the war and causing damage-reparations : 6600 million pounds- never allowed to ally with Austria again

Question 4

treaty of saint germain with Austria

Answer 4

-Austria had to accept the break up of the Austro-Hungarian empire-Hungary,czhechoslovakia,yugoslavia and poland were independent-territory transferred to several countries-union with germany forbidden

Question 5

the treaty of Trianon with Hungary 1920

Answer 5

• hungary had to accept the break up of the austro- hungarian empire
• had to recognise yugoslavia and czechoslovakia as independent
• deprived of sea ports

Question 6

treaty of neuilly with bulgaria

Answer 6

-bulgaria had to recognise Yugoslavia as independen-lost territory

Question 7

treatyof sevres with Turkey

Answer 7

• turkey had to recognise the kingdom of Hejaz and Armenia as independent-Turkey lost its provinces in the Middle East-turkey lost territory to Greece and Italy- dardanelles straight to become an international waterway

Question 8

treaty of lausanne with turkey

Answer 8

-turkey confirmed the loss of its provinces to the Middle East - got back most of its european territory- dardanelles straight returned to turkish power- restrictions on armed forces removed- Turkey was no longer to be payed reparations