Welsh Wars Flashcards
Who refused to pay Edward homage or dues?
Llwelyn Ap Gruffyd.
Edward expected Wales to accept his RA due to the ToM. Llwelyn’s refusal to honour the treaty undermined Edward’s RA and meant he missed out on revenue.
Where did Edward capture, restricting the grain supply to the Welsh army?
Edward sent forces to occupy Anglesy, depriving the Welsh of grain. This isolated Llwelyn as his vassals and princes surrendered to Edward.
1277 Campaign
1) Dafydd ap Gruffydd helped Edward, so Llwelyn was stripped of his title and land.
2) The marcher lords supported Edward, giving him a spatial advantage.
3) The grain supply was limited at Anglesy, demonstrating Edward’s militarism and weakening Llwelyn.
Who supported Edward’s first Welsh campaign from the south
of Wales?
Marcher Lords
What was the name of the treaty which ended the first Welsh
campaign in 1277?
Treaty Of Aberconwy acknowledges Edward as feudal overlord and surrenders all gains against Dafydd
1282/3 campaign
Daffyd and Llwelyn attacked an unfinished castle at Hawarden and other catles, making a coordinated rebellion.
When did the second Welsh rebellion begin?
1282
Where was Llywelyn killed in battle during the second campaign?
Bulith
Which rebel leader was put on trial for treason at Shrewsbury?
Daffydd ap Gruffydd. Edward further referred to him as the last of the “turbulent lineage” before finally being condemned to death in 1283.
He was dragged around Shrewsbury attached to a horse’s tail, hung, revived, then disembowelled, then quartered. The murderer (Geoffrey of Shrewsbury) was paid 20 shillings for the act.
What was the total cost of Edward’s wars with Wales?
£120,000. £50,000 of this money came from Parliament-granted taxation, and a further £80,000 being spent on his castle-building programme.
This meant that Edward had to gain the necessary support from Parliament and the Barons to be granted £50,000, undermining his RA on finance, which was vital to Edward achieving his ambitions.
Furthermore, the program in Wales took valuable time and resources away from other areas of interest, such as Gascony, which demonstrated the magnitude of Edward’s goals of regaining royal authority.
In the aftermath of the Welsh campaigns, which statute did
Edward impose upon the Welsh?
Statute of Rhuddlan - Meant that Wales was governed by English laws and government officials.
What was the most important change made?
SoR. It stopped the 1282 and 1284 rebellions, whereas castles helped the English colonise Wales in greater safety.
How did Edward try to control Wales during his reign
Warfare proved effective short-term, but it was costly and didn’t stop future rebellions from breaking out.
After fighting 2 wars, he changed strategy and imposed the Statute of Rhuddlan.
Castles suppressed Welsh rebellion and supported the changes made by SoR.
