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Welding Inspection Basics > Welding & Cutting Processes > Flashcards

Welding & Cutting Processes Flashcards

Learn about SMAW, GMAW, FCAW, GTAW, EBW, LBW, OAC, PAC, CAC-A and more!

1
Q

Which cutting process is shown here?

A

OAC

oxy-acetylene cutting

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2
Q

What types of fuel gases can be used for OFC (oxy-fuel cutting)?

A

Acetylene, natural gas, MAPP, propylene

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3
Q

The intense white portion adjacent to the cone of a carburizing oxyacetylene flame is called:

A

Acetylene feather

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4
Q

The conical part of an oxyfuel gas flame adjacent to the tip orifice is called:

A

The cone

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5
Q

For OAC (oxy-acetylene cutting), what are the three types of flames?

A

Carburizing, neutral and oxidizing

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6
Q

An oxyfuel gas flame that is neither oxidizing nor reducing is called:

A

Neutral flame

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7
Q

This type of torch tip is used for what?

A

Scarfing or gouging

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8
Q

Which welding process is a chemical process?

A

OAW

oxy-acetylene welding

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9
Q

Which welding process is shown here?

A

OAW

oxy-acetylene welding

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10
Q

What is the main difference between brazing and welding?

A

Brazing doesn’t melt the base metal

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11
Q

Can OFC (oxy-fuel cutting) cut stainless steel?

A

No

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12
Q

Two-piece torch cutting tips are used with which fuel gases?

A

Propane and natural gas

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13
Q

Ceramics can be welded to steel using what welding process?

A

BW

braze welding

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14
Q

Which welding process relies on capillary action?

A

BW

braze welding

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15
Q

A soldering process in which the filler metal is applied to the joint prior to the application of heat is called:

A

Reflow soldering

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16
Q

Soldering filler metal melts below what temperature?

A

840 F

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17
Q

The force by which liquid can be drawn into closely fitted faying surfaces, opposite gravity, is called:

A

Capillary action

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18
Q

BAg, BAu and BNi are examples of:

A

Brazing filler metal classificaitons

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19
Q

Braze filler metal melts above what temperature?

A

840 F

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20
Q

In brazing or soldering, a material applied to surfaces adjacent to a joint to limit the spread of filler metal or flux is called:

A

Stopoff

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21
Q

A brazing process using the heat from a molten bath is called:

A

Dip brazing

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22
Q

The group of welding processes producing coalescence of workpieces by melting them with an arc is called:

A

Arc welding

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23
Q

The manual welding process using acetylene and a torch is called?

A

OAW

oxy-acetylene welding

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24
Q

Which portable, manual welding process has the least complicated equipment but is relatively slow?

A

SMAW

shielded metal arc welding

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25
Q

An electrode classified E10014 has a minimum specified tensile strength of what?

A

100,000 psi (100 ksi)

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26
Q

What are the four purposes of the flux coating on SMAW (shielded metal arc welding) electrodes?

A

Shielding, alloying, insulating and deoxidation

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27
Q

Can an E7018 electrode be used on AC (alternating current)?

A

Yes

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28
Q

SMAW (shielded metal arc welding) electrodes that end in 0 or 1 are called what?

A

Cellulosic

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29
Q

Cellulosic SMAW (shielded metal arc welding) electrodes give deeper penetration, can be used downhill, and end in:

A

0 or 1

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30
Q

An electrode holder is an essential part of what welding process?

A

SMAW

shielded metal arc welding

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31
Q

In SMAW (shielded metal arc welding), an increase in arc length will result in:

A

Increased voltage

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32
Q

What type of electrodes must be stored in ovens?

A

Low hydrogen

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33
Q

SMAW (shielded metal arc welding) is most often used on what current and polarity?

A

DCEP

direct current, electrode positive

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34
Q

The last digit of an SMAW (shielded metal arc welding) electrode designates:

A

Operating characteristics

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35
Q

Low hydrogen SMAW (shielded metal arc welding) electrodes end in what numbers?

A

5, 6 or 8

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36
Q

Low hydrogen electrodes must be kept in a closed container in such a way as to prevent the passage of air or gas in either direction, which is called:

A

Hermetically sealed

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37
Q

The electrode classification E12018 has a minimum specified tensile strength of what?

A

120,000 psi (120 ksi)

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38
Q

An E6021 electrode can be used in what positions?

A

Flat and horizontal only

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39
Q

Fast-freeze, fast-fill, fill-freeze and low hydrogen are the four groups of SMAW (shielded metal arc welding) electrodes that the AWS calls:

A

F-Numbers

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40
Q

An E7041 electrode can be in what position?

A

Vertical down

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41
Q

The next to last digit of an SMAW (shielded metal arc welding) electrode designates:

A

Position

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42
Q

SMAW (shielded metal arc welding) electrodes that end in 5, 6, or 8 are called what?

A

Low hydrogen

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43
Q

Which welding process is performed in the flat position with vertical progression?

A

ESW

electro-slag welding

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44
Q

Which welding process is shown here?

A

ESW

electro-slag welding

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45
Q

Which welding process uses water-cooled dams to contain the molten weld pool?

A

ESW

electro-slag welding

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46
Q

The heat for ESW (electro-slag welding) is provided by:

A

Electrical resistance of the molten slag

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47
Q

Which welding processes are not considered arc welding processes?

A

RSW and ESW

resistance spot and electro-slag welding

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48
Q

Which welding process is shown here?

A

SAW

submerged arc welding

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49
Q

SAW (submerged arc welding) can be used in which positions?

A

Flat and horizontal only

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50
Q

An electrode classified as F7P6-EM12 is used with which process?

A

SAW

submerged arc welding

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51
Q

Which welding process uses a hopper to dispense granular flux?

A

SAW

submerged arc welding

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52
Q

In general, CAC (carbon arc cutting) is done on what current and polarity?

A

DCEP

direct current, electrode positive

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53
Q

What is the most common application for CAC (carbon arc cutting)?

A

Gouging

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54
Q

The cutting process that uses compressed air to blow molten metal out of the cut is called:

A

CAC

carbon arc cutting

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55
Q

What cutting process can use an SMAW (shielded metal arc welding) power source?

A

CAC

carbon arc cutting

56
Q

Which cutting process is shown here?

A

CAC

carbon arc cutting

57
Q

The manner in which molten metal travels from the end of a consumable electrode across the welding arc to the workpiece is called:

A

Transfer mode

58
Q

Which GMAW (gas metal arc welding) transfer mode results in the least amount of penetration?

A

Short circuiting

59
Q

What is the minimum specified tensile strength of an E70S-6 electrode?

A

70,000 psi (70 ksi)

60
Q

In GMAW (gas metal arc welding), the distance from the end of the contact tube to the end of the electrode is:

A

Electrode extension

61
Q

In GMAW (gas metal arc welding), the distance from the end of the gas nozzle to the end of the electrode is:

A

Stickout

62
Q

Which GMAW (gas metal arc welding) transfer mode provides the least amount of heat to the work piece and is, therefore, prone to lack of fusion?

A

Short circuiting

63
Q

Which GMAW (gas metal arc welding) transfer mode is shown here?

A

Short circuiting

64
Q

What are the four transfer modes of GMAW (gas metal arc welding)?

A

Globular, spray, pulsed arc and short circuiting

65
Q

Which GMAW (gas metal arc welding) transfter mode is shown here?

A

Pulsed arc

66
Q

GTAW electrodes have the same specifications and classifications as which other process?

A

GMAW

gas metal arc welding

67
Q

What does GMAW-P stand for?

A

Gas metal arc welding in pulsed arc transfer mode

68
Q

What does GMAW-G stand for?

A

Gas metal arc welding in globular transfer mode

69
Q

In Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) the transfer of molten metal in large drops from the consumable electrode across the arc is called:

A

Globular transfer mode (GMAW-G)

70
Q

What does GMAW-S stand for?

A

Gas metal arc welding in short circuiting transfer mode

71
Q

The Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) transfer mode in which the consumable electrode is deposited during repeated short circuits is called:

A

Short Circuiting (GMAW-S)

72
Q

The Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) transfer mode in which molten metal from a consumable electrode is propelled across the arc in small droplets is called:

A

Spray (GMAW spray)

73
Q

Which semi-automatic welding process provides higher deposition rates and can be used in all positions but requires a special shielding gas and power source?

A

GMAW-P

gas metal arc welding in pulsed-spray transfer mode

74
Q

Which semi-automatic welding process has higher deposition rates and no spatter but uses a special shielding gas and is limited to flat and horizontal only?

A

GMAW spray

gas metal arc welding in spray transfer mode

75
Q

Which semi-automatic welding process provides high deposition rates by using a larger diameter filler metal but creates a good deal of spatter and is limited to flat and horizontal only?

A

GMAW-G

gas metal arc welding in globular transfer mode

76
Q

Which semi-automatic welding process provides high-productivity and less distortion but has a proclivity for lack of fusion?

A

GMAW-S

gas metal arc welding in short circuiting transfer mode

77
Q

Which GMAW (gas metal arc welding) transfer modes can be used in all positions?

A

Short-circuiting and pulsed spray

78
Q

In the electrode classification ER70S-6, the ‘S’ stands for:

A

Solid

79
Q

Which shielding gas is most commonly used for GMAW (gas metal arc welding) in the spray transfer mode?

A

98%Ar/2%Co2

80
Q

In GMAW (gas metal arc welding), square wave refers to what?

A

The shape of the output power

81
Q

Which GMAW (gas metal arc welding) transfer mode is shown here?

A

Spray

82
Q

What is the most common shielding gas used with GMAW (gas metal arc welding)?

A

Argon-75%, CO2-25%

83
Q

Comparing 75%Ar/25% CO2 and 100% CO2, which will have greater penetration?

A

100% Co2

84
Q

What is the only thing that must be changed to switch between GMAW (gas metal arc welding) and FCAW (flux cored arc welding)?

A

The filler material

85
Q

Which semi-automatic welding process provides high deposition rates, tolerates contamination and can be self or gas shielded?

A

FCAW

flux cored arc welding

86
Q

Which welding process is shown here?

A

FCAW-G

flux cored arc welding (gas shielded)

87
Q

What part of a FCAW (flux cored arc welding) system is optional?

A

Shielding gas

88
Q

For FCAW (flux cored arc welding) and GMAW (gas metal arc welding), what electrical variable is controlled by wire feed speed?

A

Amperage

89
Q

Which two shielding gases are most commonly used with FCAW (flux cored arc welding)?

A

75%Ar/25%Co2 and 100% Co2

90
Q

In the electrode classification E71T-5, the second digit refers to what?

A

Position

91
Q

In the electode classification E71T-1, the ‘T’ stands for:

A

Tubular

92
Q

What does FCAW-G stand for?

A

Flux cored arc welding, gas shielded

93
Q

What does FCAW-S stand for?

A

Flux cored arc welding, self-shielded

94
Q

This type of gun is used for which welding process?

A

FCAW-S

flux cored arc welding - self shielded

95
Q

This electrode, shown under high magnification, is used with which welding process?

A

FCAW

flux cored arc welding

96
Q

Which welding process uses a tubular electrode?

A

FCAW

flux cored arc welding

97
Q

Can an E71T-8 electrode be used in the overhead position?

A

Yes

98
Q

What is the minimum specified tensile strength of an E71T-1 electrode?

A

70,000 psi (70 ksi)

99
Q

A collet and collet body are essential parts of what welding process?

A

GTAW

gas tungsten arc welding

100
Q

Is a wire feeder a typical part of a GTAW (gas tungsten arc welding) system?

A

No

101
Q

Which manual welding process is well suited for thin materials, exotic alloys and provides pinpoint accuracy but is relatively slow and expensive?

A

GTAW

gas tungsten arc welding

102
Q

Which welding process is shown here?

A

GTAW

gas tungsten arc welding

103
Q

Which welding process may use a remote amperage control?

A

GTAW

gas tungsten arc welding

104
Q

Pure tungsten electrodes are marked with a green stripe and are most commonly used for welding:

A

Aluminum

105
Q

The electrode for GTAW (gas tungsten arc welding) is made from:

A

Tungsten

106
Q

The electrode designation EWTh-1 means what?

A

1% thoriated tungsten

107
Q

The tip of pure tungsten is prepared in what way?

A

Balled

108
Q

Tungsten electrodes with a red stripe have how much thorium?

A

2%

109
Q

What shielding gas is most commonly used for GTAW (gas tungsten arc welding)?

A

100% Argon

110
Q

The mechanical clamping device used to hold the electrode in position within the GTAW (gas tungsten arc welding) torch is called:

A

The collet

111
Q

Tungsten is usually alloyed with what for the welding of carbon steel?

A

Thorium

112
Q

The device used to exert pressure on the collet in a GTAW (gas tungsten arc welding) torch and hold the tungsten in place is called:

A

The back cap

113
Q

GTAW (gas tungsten arc welding) and PAW (plasma arc welding) differ from other welding processes in that they use:

A

A non-consumable electrode

114
Q

Which welding processes use a non-consumable electrode?

A

GTAW and PAW

gas tungsten and plasma arc welding

115
Q

What welding process can have either a transferred or nontransferred arc?

A

PAW

plasma arc welding

116
Q

Which welding process is shown here?

A

PAW

plasma arc welding

117
Q

What does PAC stand for?

A

Plasma arc cutting

118
Q

A constricting orifice is a feature of what process?

A

PAW

plasma arc welding

119
Q

What cutting process can be used to cut any type of metal?

A

PAC

plasma arc cutting

120
Q

A gas that has been heated to ionizing, allowing it to conduct electricity describes what state of matter?

A

Plasma

121
Q

What welding process is a solid state process?

A

DW

diffusion welding

122
Q

Which welding processes use the keyhole technique?

A

LBW, EBW, and PAW

laser beam, electron beam and plasma arc welding

123
Q

Which welding process is shown here?

A

RSW

resistance spot welding

124
Q

Slag inclusions may result from which welding processes?

A

SMAW, FCAW, ESW, SAW

shielded metal, flux cored, electro-slag, sugmerged arc welding

125
Q

Which welding processes use a wire feeder?

A

GMAW, FCAW, SAW, ESW

gas metal arc, flux cored arc, submerged arc, electro-slag welding

126
Q

All the items pictured can be welded in less than 1 second using which process?

A

SW

stud welding

127
Q

In stud welding, the ceramic device surrounding the stud base to contain the molten metal and shield the arc is called:

A

A ferrule

128
Q

A ferrule is used for shielding which welding process?

A

SW

stud welding

129
Q

Filler metal specifications are found in which documents?

A

AWS A5.1 through A5.3X

130
Q

While using GTAW (gas tungsten arc welding) and SMAW (shielded metal arc welding), which electrical variable is controlled by arc length?

A

Voltage

131
Q

The distance from the contact tip to the end of the gas nozzle is called:

A

Setback

132
Q

The length of electrode extending beyond the the end of the contact tip is called:

A

Electrode extention

133
Q

The tip of a 2% thoriated tungsten is prepared in what way?

A

Truncated conical

134
Q

An electrode designated ER70S-2 could be used with which processes?

A

GMAW or GTAW

Gas metal arc of gas tungsten arc welding

135
Q

Of the following electrodes, which would produce the strongest weld?

ER70S-6

E70T-5

E7018

F7A2-EM12K

A

They all produce welds with a minimum specified tensile strength of 70,000 psi (70ksi)

Welding Inspection Basics (9 decks)

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